Synergistic flame-retardant behavior and mechanism of tris(3-nitrophenyl) phosphine and DOPO in epoxy resins

Luo, Hang; Zhou, Feng; Yang, Yunyun; Cao, Xilei; Cai, Xufu

doi:10.1007/s10973-017-6898-8

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The DOPO and its derivatives as representative of phosphorus flame retardants are reactive flame retardants with good flame retardancy property . The DOPO releases P* free radicals in the combustion process, which combined with H* and OH* free radicals .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The DOPO and its derivatives as representative of phosphorus flame retardants are reactive flame retardants with good flame retardancy property. [22][23][24][25][26] The DOPO releases P* free radicals in the combustion process, which combined with H* and OH* free radicals. [27][28][29] Hence, in this paper, a novel inorganic flame retardant, which has well dispersibility, the environmental friendly character and nontoxicity, was prepared.…”

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confidence: 99%

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A flame‐retardant DOPO‐MgAl‐LDH was prepared and applied in poly (methyl methacrylate) resin

Meng

Leng

et al. 2019

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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A novel inorganic and organic composite flame retardant (9,10‐dihydro‐9‐oxa‐10‐phosphaphenanthrene‐10‐oxide [DOPO]–layered double hydroxide [LDH]) was synthesized via grafting DOPO with organic‐modified Mg/Al‐LDH, which was introduced into poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) resin to prepare the flame‐retardant PMMA composites. Thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) showed that the T‐50% of DOPO‐LDH/PMMA composites enhanced by about 20°C, and with the 20% flame retardant, the residual char content can be increased by 39.8% in the air atmosphere compared with LDH/PMMA composites. In the UL‐94 and the limiting oxygen index (LOI) tests, it can be found that compared with LDH/PMMA composites, the LOI value of DOPO‐LDH/PMMA composites were raised evidently with the increased flame retardants, and the droplet combustion was greatly improved. These results could be ascribed to the action of DOPO free‐radical, catalytic charring of polymer and the effect of LDH physical barrier. Moreover, the novel DOPO‐LDH not only given PMMA a good flame‐retardant property and thermal stability, but also have higher visible light transmittance, ultraviolet‐shielding effect, and low loss of mechanical properties, which could further facilitate the wide application of inorganic environment‐friendly flame retardants in general resins and engineering resins and broaden the application of polymers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A flame‐retardant DOPO‐MgAl‐LDH was prepared and applied in poly (methyl methacrylate) resin

Meng

Leng

et al. 2019

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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“…Prowadzone obecnie badania degradacji termicznej polimerów dotyczą przede wszystkim nowych materiałów, głównie kompozytów i nanokompozytów [51][52][53], lub mieszanin polimerowych [54,55]. W bieżącej literaturze pojawiają się również prace na temat degradacji termicznej polimerów do zastosowań specjalnych [56][57][58], a także polimerów znanych i badanych od lat, takich jak: poliuretany [59][60][61][62], żywice epoksydowe [63][64][65], poliolefiny [66], kopolimery kwasu akrylowego [67,68].…”

Section: Degradacja Termiczna Układów Polimerowychunclassified

Advances in studies of thermal degradation of polymeric materials Part I. Literature studies

et al. 2019

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Przedstawiono bieżące kierunki badań stabilności termicznej polimerów, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem nowatorskich układów polimerowych: kompozytów i nanokompozytów, polimerów biodegradowalnych, biocydowych i do zastosowań specjalnych. Opisano ogólny mechanizm degradacji termicznej zachodzącej podczas przetwórstwa i podstawowe aspekty kinetyczne tego procesu. Omówiono przykłady badań właściwości termicznych wybranych tworzyw na bazie poliuretanów, żywic epoksydowych, kopolimerów kwasu akrylowego i poliestrów.

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“…However, its flammability and the emission of a large amount of smoke and hazardous gases during combustion limit its applications. Significant effort has been undertaken by the academic and industrial community to improve the fire safety of EP resin …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These properties make EP resin suitable for an extensive range of applications in the adhesive, laminating, potting, and coating areas.However, its flammability and the emission of a large amount of smoke and hazardous gases during combustion limit its applications.Significant effort has been undertaken by the academic and industrial community to improve the fire safety of EP resin. [1][2][3] The addition of a flame retardant to a polymer is an effective method to improving its flame retardancy. Li et al 4 successfully synthesized a polyphosphoric acid piperazine flame retardant (PPAP) containing nitrogen and phosphorus using polyphosphoric acid and piperazine and used it as an additive for flame-retardant EP resin thermosets.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Activated carbon spheres (ACS)@SnO₂@NiO with a 3D nanospherical structure and its synergistic effect with AHP on improving the flame retardancy of epoxy resin

Líu

et al. 2019

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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A novel activated carbon spheres (ACS)@SnO2@NiO hierarchical hybrid architecture was first synthesized and applied for enhancing the flame retardancy of epoxy (EP) resin via a cooperative effect. Herein, using activated carbon microspheres as the template, SnO2 and NiO nanospheres were successively anchored to it by a sedimentation‐calcination strategy. The well‐designed ACS@SnO2@NiO significantly enhanced the flame retardancy for consistency of EP composites, as demonstrated by thermogravimetric and cone calorimeter experiments. For instance, the incorporation of 2 wt% ACS@SnO2@NiO decreased by 15.5% maximum in the total smoke production, accompanying the higher graphitized char layer. In addition, the synergetic mechanism of flame retardancy between ACS@SnO2@NiO and aluminum hypophosphite (AHP) was investigated. The obtained sample satisfied the UL‐94 V‐0 rating with a 5.0 wt% addition of AHP and ACS@SnO2@NiO (the ratio of the mass fraction of AHP to ACS@SnO2@NiO is 4.5:0.5). Notably, the incorporation of AHP and ACS@SnO2@NiO resulted in a significant decrease in the fire hazard properties of EP resin; for instance, 4.5AHP‐0.5ACS@SnO2@NiO/EP resulted in a maximum decrease of 32.4% in the total smoke production as compared with that of pure EP resin. It should be noted that the improved flame‐retardant performance for the EP composites is primarily attributed to the synergistic effect of ACS@SnO2@NiO and AHP in promoting the formation of residual char in the condensed phase.

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Synergistic flame-retardant behavior and mechanism of tris(3-nitrophenyl) phosphine and DOPO in epoxy resins

Cited by 17 publications

References 32 publications

A flame‐retardant DOPO‐MgAl‐LDH was prepared and applied in poly (methyl methacrylate) resin

A flame‐retardant DOPO‐MgAl‐LDH was prepared and applied in poly (methyl methacrylate) resin

Advances in studies of thermal degradation of polymeric materials Part I. Literature studies

Activated carbon spheres (ACS)@SnO₂@NiO with a 3D nanospherical structure and its synergistic effect with AHP on improving the flame retardancy of epoxy resin

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Synergistic flame-retardant behavior and mechanism of tris(3-nitrophenyl) phosphine and DOPO in epoxy resins

Cited by 17 publications

References 32 publications

A flame‐retardant DOPO‐MgAl‐LDH was prepared and applied in poly (methyl methacrylate) resin

A flame‐retardant DOPO‐MgAl‐LDH was prepared and applied in poly (methyl methacrylate) resin

Advances in studies of thermal degradation of polymeric materials Part I. Literature studies

Activated carbon spheres (ACS)@SnO2@NiO with a 3D nanospherical structure and its synergistic effect with AHP on improving the flame retardancy of epoxy resin

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Product

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Activated carbon spheres (ACS)@SnO₂@NiO with a 3D nanospherical structure and its synergistic effect with AHP on improving the flame retardancy of epoxy resin