Synergistic integration of catalysis and ion-exchange for highly selective reduction of nitrate into N 2

Kim, Youna; Kim, Myoung Yeob; Choi, Minkee

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2016.01.002

Cited by 43 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The Fe(II) solution contained also 1.27 M NaCl and 0.012 M NH 4 Cl as background. That is, the Fe(II) solution simulated the solution leaving the nitrate reduction step (Step III in Figure 1).…”

Section: Synthesis Of Nzvi Via Fe 2+ Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A synthetic solution containing NH 4 + and Cl − (and naturally also Na + ) at concentrations similar to those attained at the end of the nZVI re-synthesis step (step IV in Figure 1), i.e., 220 mg N/L (lower than the initial concentration due to acid dilution) and~45,000 mg/L, respectively, was prepared by dissolving NH 4 Cl and NaCl in distilled water. Note that this step was applied following the re-synthesis of nZVI from the dissolved Fe(II), thus the dissolved Fe(II) concentration in the solution of the electrolysis step was negligible.…”

Section: Electrolysis Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SO 4 2− and dissolved Fe concentrations were analyzed by ICP-OES (Thermo Scientific, Schaumburg, IL, USA). TAN was determined by the modified salicylate method [31].…”

Section: Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The indirect ammonia electrochemical oxidation approach has been proven highly effective in solutions characterized by high Cl − concentration, for example, for the removal of TAN from IX regeneration solutions treating recirculated aquaculture system water and swine wastewater [27,28]. From the mechanism standpoint, Gendel and Lahav [27] showed that under the conditions prevailing in electrochemical reactors treating a TAN-containing solution characterized by low buffering-capacity and very high Cl − concentration, the Cl 2 generated on the anode reacts with NH 4 + to form trichloramine (Equation (2)), which further reacts extensively in the bulk electrolyte solution to produce nitrogen gas (Equations (3)- (5)):…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Removal of Nitrate from Drinking Water by Ion-Exchange Followed by nZVI-Based Reduction and Electrooxidation of the Ammonia Product to N2(g)

et al. 2017

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Ion-exchange (IX) is common for separating NO 3− from drinking water. From both cost and environmental perspectives, the IX regeneration brine must be recycled, via nitrate reduction to N 2(g) . Nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) reduces nitrate efficiently to ammonia, under brine conditions. However, to be sustainable, the formed ammonia should be oxidized. Accordingly, a new process was developed, comprising IX separation, nZVI-based nitrate removal from the IX regeneration brine, followed by indirect ammonia electro-oxidation. The aim was to convert nitrate to N 2(g) while allowing repeated usage of the NaCl brine for multiple IX cycles. All process steps were experimentally examined and shown to be feasible: nitrate was efficiently separated using IX, which was subsequently regenerated with the treated/recovered NaCl brine. The nitrate released to the brine reacted with nZVI, generating ammonia and Fe(II). Fresh nZVI particles were reproduced from the resulting brine, which contained Fe(II), Na + , Cl − and ammonia. The ammonia in the nZVI production procedure filtrate was indirectly electro-oxidized to N 2(g) at the inherent high Cl − concentration, which prepared the brine for the next IX regeneration cycle. The dominant reaction between nZVI and NO 3 − was described best (Wilcoxon test) by 4Fe (s) + 10H + + NO 3 − → 4Fe 2+ + NH 4 + + 3H 2 O, and proceeded at >5 mmol·L −1 ·min −1 at room temperature and 3 < pH < 5.

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Section: Synthesis Of Nzvi Via Fe 2+ Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Electrolysis Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SO 4 2− and dissolved Fe concentrations were analyzed by ICP-OES (Thermo Scientific, Schaumburg, IL, USA). TAN was determined by the modified salicylate method [31].…”

Section: Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Removal of Nitrate from Drinking Water by Ion-Exchange Followed by nZVI-Based Reduction and Electrooxidation of the Ammonia Product to N2(g)

et al. 2017

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“…One of the most promising processes is the reduction of NO 3 to N 2 using heterogeneous catalysts in the presence of H 2 as a reducing agent (Huo et al, 2017;Mirabi et al, 2017). These catalysts generally contain a noble metal (Pd, Rh, Ru or Pt) and a promoter metal (Cu, Ag, Fe, Hg, Ni, Cu, Zn, Sn or In) (Ding et al, 2017;Zoppas et al, 2016;Kim et al, 2016;Martínez et al, 2017). In these catalysts, the bimetallic sites permit the reduction of NO 3 to NO 2 -, which is then reduced to N 2 or over-reduced to NH 4 + over the monometallic sites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

REMOVAL OF NITRATE FROM DRINKING WATER BY USING PdCu STRUCTURED CATALYSTS BASED ON CORDIERITE MONOLITHS

Jaworski

Barbero

Siri

et al. 2019

Braz. J. Chem. Eng.

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Structured catalysts were prepared, characterized and evaluated in NO 3 removal from drinking water. Different suspensions containing a previously optimized PdCu/5wt% ZrO 2-Al 2 O 3 powder catalyst (hereinafter PdCu/5ZA p) were prepared and deposited on cordierite monoliths by washcoating. The effect of suspension concentration, the particle size, the immersion number, the use of suspension stabilizer agent, and an alumina precoating on the coating adherence and catalytic performance were studied. All the prepared structured catalysts were active for the elimination of NO 3 and presented good selectivity to N 2 (> 93%) in synthetic water samples. The catalyst performance was related to the amount of deposited catalyst. The highest activity and the best coating adherence were obtained with the structured catalyst prepared by a single immersion in a 14 wt% concentration suspension, which was obtained from the powder catalyst milled for 10 h and stabilized with colloidal alumina. This catalyst also showed good activity when it was reused for four cycles and when it was evaluated with real water samples.

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The Functionality of Ion Exchange Resins for Esterification, Transesterification and Hydrogenation Reactions

Osazuwa

Abidin

2020

ChemistrySelect

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Ion exchange resins (IER) possess a catalytically flexible structure which enables them to be easily applied for renewable energy production and environmentally friendly reactions. More specifically, they can be used as catalyst or catalyst support in other industrialized processes such as; esterification, transesterification and hydrogenation reactions. Several works on esterification, transesterification and hydrogenation reactions are in literature. This study reviews some of these works which includes the utilization of IER in esterification, trans-esterification and hydrogenation reactions. Recent reports show that IER are conventionally used as catalyst in esterification and transesterification reactions. For hydrogenation reactions, IER have been utilized as support for metallic catalyst, raising questions on their inability to be applied as catalyst. Hence, this study has itemized these various reactions, detailing their applications which are highly industrialized reaction processes.

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Synergistic integration of catalysis and ion-exchange for highly selective reduction of nitrate into N 2

Cited by 43 publications

References 41 publications

Removal of Nitrate from Drinking Water by Ion-Exchange Followed by nZVI-Based Reduction and Electrooxidation of the Ammonia Product to N2(g)

Removal of Nitrate from Drinking Water by Ion-Exchange Followed by nZVI-Based Reduction and Electrooxidation of the Ammonia Product to N2(g)

REMOVAL OF NITRATE FROM DRINKING WATER BY USING PdCu STRUCTURED CATALYSTS BASED ON CORDIERITE MONOLITHS

The Functionality of Ion Exchange Resins for Esterification, Transesterification and Hydrogenation Reactions

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