Synergistic interactions of epigallocatechin gallate and oxytetracycline against various drug resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains in vitro

Nový, Pavel; Rondevaldova, Johana; Kouřimská, Lenka; Kokoška, Ladislav

doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2012.12.010

Cited by 47 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The additive, synergistic, or antagonistic effect of different components might exist during their usage (Wagner, 2011). Synergistic-antagonistic effects can be produced if the constituents of an extract affect different targets or interact with one another in order to improve/decrease the solubility and thereby enhance/decrease the bioavailability of one or several substances of an extract (Novy et al, 2013;Prabhakar et al, 2014;Rather et al, 2013). Synergistic-antagonistic effects might also exist between different components of A. manihot and influence the pharmacokinetics profile.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conjugated metabolites represent the major circulating forms ofAbelmoschus manihot in vivoand show an altered pharmacokinetic profile in renal pathology

Guo

Shang

et al. 2015

Pharmaceutical Biology

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Objective: Flavonoids are main active components of A. manihot, which can be transformed into glucuronide/sulfate conjugates in vivo. Exploring the pharmacokinetic profile of these conjugates is necessary to further elucidate the mechanism of action. Material and method: Flavonoid fraction of A. manihot (FFA) was extracted from A. manihot flower with ethanol. FFA (400 mg/kg) was orally given to normal rats and chronic kidney disease (CKD) model rats. Blood samples were collected at 5, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 240, 360, and 720 min after administration. The plasma concentrations of quercetin and isorhamnetin glucuronide/sulfate conjugates were analyzed by UPLC-MS/MS. Results: In normal rats, AUC of quercetin-glucuronide conjugates, isorhamnetin-glucuronide conjugates, quercetin-sulfate conjugates, and isorhamnetin-sulfate conjugates was 459. 45 ± 192.70, 1153.01 ± 697.04, 417.81 ± 220.31, and 2475.19 ± 1085.22 mmol h/L, respectively. While AUC of quercetin and isorhamnetin was 5.47 ± 2.54 and 30.73 ± 25.95 mmol h/L. AUC of the glucuronide-sulfate conjugates of quercetin and isorhamnetin is 125-times higher than that of aglycone (quercetin and isorhamnetin), showing that glucuronide/sulfate conjugates represent the major circulating forms of A. manihot flavonoid in vivo. AUC of isorhamnetinglucuronide conjugates and quercetin-sulfate conjugates was 719.65 ± 619.22 and 275.49 ± 1 60.95 mmol h/L, indicating that less conjugated metabolites were formed in CKD rats compared with normal rats. The ratio of AUC glucuronide/sulfate /AUC aglycone decreased from 125 to 104, which implied the impaired phase II metabolism ability in CKD rat. Discussion and conclusion: Glucuronide-sulfate conjugates provide an important clue for further elucidating the activity of conjugated metabolites and their relationship with the nephroprotective efficacy of A. manihot. It is necessary to take caution when extrapolating pharmacokinetics parameters from healthy animals in designing pharmacological studies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conjugated metabolites represent the major circulating forms ofAbelmoschus manihot in vivoand show an altered pharmacokinetic profile in renal pathology

Guo

Shang

et al. 2015

Pharmaceutical Biology

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“…Oxacillin is a typical anti‐Staphylococcal antibiotic; therefore, its combination with plumbagin seems to be very perspective. Our previous studies (Novy et al ., ; Novy et al ., ) showed that tetracycline antibiotics can synergistically act with phenolic compounds. Although tetracycline is nowadays used less frequently and is clinically applied against Staphylococcal diseases in limited cases only, it is still successfully used, e.g.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro Combinatory Antimicrobial Effect of Plumbagin with Oxacillin and Tetracycline against Staphylococcus aureus

Rondevaldova

Nový

Kokoška

2014

Phytotherapy Research

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Plumbagin (5-hydroxy-2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone), a bicyclic naphthoquinone naturally distributed among Plumbago species, has been reported to have antimicrobial activity against a wide range of microorganisms. In this study, plumbagin was examined for its combinatory antimicrobial effect with tetracycline or oxacillin against nine strains of Staphylococcus aureus, including its methicillin- and multidrug-resistant strains. Minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined through the broth microdilution method, whereas the combinatory effect was evaluated according to the sum of fractional inhibitory concentration (ΣFIC) indices. Additive interactions were obtained for both combinations against most of the strains tested. Synergy was obtained for combination with oxacillin against two out of seven strains (ΣFIC range 0.273-0.281), both were methicillin resistant. Our results proved plumbagin as a compound suitable for anti-Staphylococcal combinatory testing. Moreover, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of plumbagin synergy with oxacillin against S. aureus strains, including its resistant forms.

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“…The MICs used in this equation are the averages of MICs obtained from three independent experiments that performed in triplicate. The interpretation of the in vitro antifungal interactions was determined as follows: synergistic effect if ΣFIC ≤ 0.5, additive if ΣFIC > 0.5 and ≤ 1, no interaction if ΣFIC > 1 and ≤ 4, and antagonistic if ΣFIC > 4 (Novy et al ., ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Plumbagin, a Plant-Derived Compound, Exhibits Antifungal Combinatory Effect with Amphotericin B againstCandida albicansClinical Isolates and Anti-hepatitis C Virus Activity

2016

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Plumbagin (5-hydroxy-2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone), the major active constituent of Plumbago indica L., has been shown to be effective against a wide range of infectious microbes. In this study, plumbagin has been evaluated in vitro for its antifungal combinatory effect with amphotericin B against Candida albicans (C. albicans) clinical isolates and anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) activity. Antifungal activity was determined by broth microdilution method, and combinatory effect was evaluated by checkerboard assay according to ΣFIC indices, while cytotoxicity was determined by MTT assay. Anti-HCV activity was determined in infected Huh7.5 cells using quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR, and cytotoxicity was evaluated by MTT assay. Plumbagin exerted inhibitory effect against all C. albicans strains with minimum inhibitory concentration values ranging from 7.41 to 11.24 µg/mL. The additive effect of plumbagin when combined with amphotericin B at concentrations of (0.12, 0.13 and 0.19, 1.81 µg/mL, respectively) was obtained against five of seven strains tested with ΣFIC ranging from 0.62 to 0.91. In addition, plumbagin was found to be used safely for topical application when combined with amphotericin B at concentrations corresponding to the additive effect. Plumbagin exerted anti-HCV activity compared with that of telaprevir with IC50 values of 0.57 and 0.01 μM/L, respectively, and selectivity indices SI = 53.7 and SI = 2127, respectively. Our results present plumbagin as a potential therapeutic agent in the treatment of C. albicans and HCV infections. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Synergistic interactions of epigallocatechin gallate and oxytetracycline against various drug resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains in vitro

Cited by 47 publications

References 21 publications

Conjugated metabolites represent the major circulating forms ofAbelmoschus manihot in vivoand show an altered pharmacokinetic profile in renal pathology

Conjugated metabolites represent the major circulating forms ofAbelmoschus manihot in vivoand show an altered pharmacokinetic profile in renal pathology

In vitro Combinatory Antimicrobial Effect of Plumbagin with Oxacillin and Tetracycline against Staphylococcus aureus

Plumbagin, a Plant-Derived Compound, Exhibits Antifungal Combinatory Effect with Amphotericin B againstCandida albicansClinical Isolates and Anti-hepatitis C Virus Activity

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