Synergistic lignin construction of a long-chain branched polypropylene and its properties

Tian, Bo; Li, Jinfeng; Li, Zhigang; Xu, Ningdi; Yao, Gang; Zhang, Nan; Dong, Wei; Liu, Yuguang; Di, Mingwei

doi:10.1039/d0ra06889f

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Figure 5 a shows Han’s plots (G′-G″), which represent the compatibility in different recipes. The slope of P80KL20 slightly departed from that of neat PP, while it changed remarkably for P60KL40 and P40KL60, demonstrating the poor compatibility between lignin particles and the PP matrix above 20% KL addition [ 33 ]. In addition, the slope of P60KL40-10C3 was essentially the same as the PP matrix and was even more pronounced in P60KL40-10C2, indicating enhanced compatibility by using CPA2 and CPA3.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing Mechanical Performance of High-Lignin-Filled Polypropylene via Reactive Extrusion

Wang,

You,

et al. 2024

Polymers

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Polypropylene (PP) is one of the most extensively used commodity plastics. In terms of eco-friendliness, it is worth considering preparing high-lignin-filled PP. This study explores the incorporation of high lignin content, derived from acetic acid lignin (AAL) and Kraft lignin (KL), into PP through twin-screw extrusion and injection molding. The challenge lies in maintaining mechanical performance. A compatibilizer—specifically, maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene (MAPP)—is employed to enhance lignin–PP compatibility by chemically bonding with lignin and physically associating with the PP phase. Results indicate that KL maintains better dispersity than AAL. Compatibilizers with a high maleic anhydride (MA) level (≥0.8 wt.%) and moderate melt flow index (MFI) in the range of 60–100 g 10 min⁻¹ prove favorable in constructing a reinforced PP/KL network. Optimizing with 40 wt.% lignin content and 10 parts per hundred (pph) of compatibilizer yields blends with mechanical performance comparable to neat PP, exhibiting a notable increase in modulus and heat deflection temperature (HDT). Furthermore, utilizing PP/lignin blends can lead to a 20% reduction in expenses and approximately 40% reduction in PP-induced greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This approach not only reduces PP costs but also adds value to lignin utilization in a sustainable and cost-effective manner.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing Mechanical Performance of High-Lignin-Filled Polypropylene via Reactive Extrusion

Wang,

You,

et al. 2024

Polymers

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“…Wang et al 10 prepared modified TPEE foam with cell size from submacro to nano by solid phase batch foaming method. Supercritical CO 2 (sc‐CO 2 ) and supercritical N 2 (sc‐N 2 ) are the most commonly used blowing agents in supercritical fluid foaming processes 11–14 . CO 2 generally has higher solubility and diffusivity in polymer matrix.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of thermoplastic polyether ester elastomer microcellular foam with high resilience: Effect of chain extension on foaming behavior and mechanical properties

Li-juan

et al. 2023

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The lightweight development of thermoplastic polyether ester elastomer (TPEE) has been limited by its low‐melt strength. In this work, the epoxy chain extender ADR was employed to improve TPEE's melt strength in order to enhance its foamability by supercritical N2 (sc‐N2). The results showed that the melt strength of TPEE increased gradually with the increase of ADR content, which led to the uniformity of the foam cell structure and the improvement of its mechanical properties, that is, a high resilience of 82%. However, when ADR content exceeded 1.6 phr, the viscosity was too high to induce foaming. Remarkably, the maximum stress retention of TPEE foam with 1.6 phr ADR remained at 90% after 50 cycles of compression, while the strain recovery rate was higher than 85%. The prepared TPEE foam has excellent resilience and dynamic mechanical properties, which broadens its application in fields of midsole, sports equipment and transportation.

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“…Several companies recover energy and valuable byproducts from waste plastic through modern plasma gasification technology [7]. However, creative methods are needed to transform our environment's enormous amount of scattered plastic into value-added products [8,9]. To address the environmental problems caused by PE trash, we created a unique technology to convert PE wastes into carbon-based nanomaterials (CNMs) and nanocomposites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solvo/hydrothermal upcycling of polyethylene plastic-waste into carbon-based nanocomposite for supercapacitor application

Kigozi

Tebandeke

Kirabira

et al. 2023

Materials Science and Technology

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One of the most worrying environmental issues affecting all forms of life, the economy, and natural ecosystems globally is the accumulation of polyethylene (PE) plastic garbage. Creating peaceful and environmentally friendly alternatives to conventional disposal techniques, like transforming plastic waste into cherished carbonaceous nanomaterials, is of utmost importance considering this threat. The current study carefully employed a cleaner upcycling technique to create carbon-based nanomaterials (CNMs) for supercapacitors. Using solvothermal/hydrothermal synthetic techniques, the PE waste was transformed into CNMs used in energy storage supercapacitors application. With an energy density of 21.6 W h kg−1 and a current density of 0.25 A g−1, the electrochemical test showed a specific capacitance of 155.5 F g−1. Additionally, the materials demonstrated 98.5% capacitance retention after 9000 cycles at a constant current density of 1.0 A g−1. Abbreviations: AC: activated carbon; CNM: carbon nanomaterials; CV: cyclic voltammetry; EC: electrochemical system; EDLC: electrical double layer capacitor; EIS: electrochemical impedance spectroscopy; FESEM: field emission scanning electron microscopy; FTIR: Fourier transform infrared; GCD: galvanostatic charge–discharge; HDPE: high-density polyethene; KOH: potassium hydroxide; LLDPE: linear low-density polyethene; Mn: manganese; PE: polyethene; Rct: charge transfer resistance; SSA: specific surface area; TEM: transmission electron microscopy; TGA: thermogravimetric analysis; UV–VIS: ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy; XRD: X-ray diffraction Highlights The article explored a low-temperature and non-emission upcycling method of polyethylene plastic waste into carbon-based nanomaterials (CNMs). CNMs were characterised for physical–chemical properties using different characterisation techniques. The carbon material was used with other materials like activated carbon and manganese to produce nanocomposites tested for electrical double layer capacitor energy storage and exhibited higher energy density.

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Synergistic lignin construction of a long-chain branched polypropylene and its properties

Abstract: Polypropylene with long chain branching behavior was constructed by lignin, which foaming property and polarity were improved.

Cited by 8 publications

References 45 publications

Enhancing Mechanical Performance of High-Lignin-Filled Polypropylene via Reactive Extrusion

Enhancing Mechanical Performance of High-Lignin-Filled Polypropylene via Reactive Extrusion

Development of thermoplastic polyether ester elastomer microcellular foam with high resilience: Effect of chain extension on foaming behavior and mechanical properties

Solvo/hydrothermal upcycling of polyethylene plastic-waste into carbon-based nanocomposite for supercapacitor application

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