Synergistic, Multi-level Understanding of Psychedelics: Three Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses of Their Pharmacology, Neuroimaging and Phenomenology

Shinozuka, Kenneth; Jerotic, Katarina; Mediano, Pedro; Zhao, Alex T.; Preller, Katrin H.; Carhart-Harris, Robin; Kringelbach, Morten L.

doi:10.1101/2023.10.06.561183

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 326 publications

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“…Although arguably much more informative than likert scale questionnaires, TET remains a reductionist approach to the study of subjective experience. While one phenomenological cluster yielded similarities to positive psychedelic phenomenology (Hirschfield & Schmidt, 2021) and neural markers of psychedelics (Schartner et al, 2017;Timmermann et al, 2019), there are most likely a variety of phenomenological distinctions between the two states, much like the phenomenological nuances between different psychedelics (Shinozuka et al, 2023). It may thus be more useful to characterise this breathwork modality, along with psychedelics, as a 'high-arousal' ASC, rather than 'high-relaxation', as has been previously suggested as a useful taxonomic category for Eastern spiritual practices (Amihai & Kozhenivkov, 2014;.…”

Section: How Phenomenologically Similar Is Breathwork To 'Psychedelic...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Breathwork-Induced Psychedelic Experiences Modulate Neural Dynamics

Lewis-Healey,

Tagliazucchi,

Canales-Johnson

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Breathwork is a term for an understudied school of practices that involve the intentional modulation of respiration to induce an altered state of consciousness (ASC). We map here the neural dynamics of mental content during breathwork, using a neurophenomenological approach by combining Temporal Experience Tracing, a quantitative phenomenological methodology that preserves the temporal dynamics of subjective experience, with low-density portable EEG devices for every session. Fourteen novice participants completed a series of up to 28 breathwork sessions - of 20, 40 or 60 minutes - in 28 days, yielding a neurophenomenological dataset of 301 breathwork sessions. Using hypothesis-driven and data-driven approaches, we found that positive ‘psychedelic-like’ subjective experiences that occurred within the breathwork sessions were associated with increased neural Lempel-Ziv complexity. Further, exploratory analyses showed that the aperiodic exponent of the power spectral density (PSD) - but not oscillatory alpha power - was also associated with these psychedelic-like phenomenological substates. We demonstrate the strength of this neurophenomenological framework, maximising the concurrent data acquisition of brain activity and phenomenological dynamics in multiple experiential dimensions. Non-linear aspects of brain dynamics, like complexity and the aperiodic exponent of the PSD, neurally map both a data-driven complex composite of positive experiences, and hypothesis-driven aspects of psychedelic-like experience states such as high bliss.

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Section: How Phenomenologically Similar Is Breathwork To 'Psychedelic...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Breathwork-Induced Psychedelic Experiences Modulate Neural Dynamics

Lewis-Healey,

Tagliazucchi,

Canales-Johnson

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Short- and long-term reconfiguration of rat prefrontal cortical networks following single doses of psilocybin

Purple,

Gupta,

Thomas

et al. 2024

Preprint

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We quantify cellular- and circuit-resolution neural network dynamics following therapeutically relevant doses of the psychedelic psilocybin. Using chronically implanted Neuropixels probes, we recorded local field potentials (LFP) alongside action potentials from hundreds of neurons spanning infralimbic, prelimbic and cingulate subregions of the medial prefrontal cortex of freely-behaving adult rats. Psilocybin (0.3mg/kg or 1mg/kg i.p.) unmasked 100Hz high frequency oscillations that were most pronounced within the infralimbic cortex, persisted for approximately 1h post-injection and were accompanied by decreased net pyramidal cell firing rates and reduced signal complexity. These acute effects were more prominent during resting behaviour than during a sustained attention task. LFP 1-, 2- and 6-days post-psilocybin showed gradually-emerging increases in beta and low-gamma (20-60Hz) power, specific to the infralimbic cortex. These findings reveal features of psychedelic action not readily detectable in human brain imaging, implicating infralimbic network oscillations as potential biomarkers of psychedelic-induced network plasticity over multi-day timescales.

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Synergistic, Multi-level Understanding of Psychedelics: Three Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses of Their Pharmacology, Neuroimaging and Phenomenology

Cited by 2 publications

References 326 publications

Breathwork-Induced Psychedelic Experiences Modulate Neural Dynamics

Breathwork-Induced Psychedelic Experiences Modulate Neural Dynamics

Short- and long-term reconfiguration of rat prefrontal cortical networks following single doses of psilocybin

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