Synergistic pathogenesis of chicken infectious anemia virus and J subgroup of avian leukosis virus

Zhang, Jun; Ma, Li; Li, Tuofan; Li, Luyuan; Kan, Qiuqi; Yao, Xiaohui; Xie, Quan; Wan, Zhimin; Shao, Hongbo; Qin, Aijian; Ye, Jianqiang

doi:10.1016/j.psj.2021.101468

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Moreover, due to ALV-J being easily transmitted vertically, it is likely to induce superinfections. Therefore, it is currently accepted that a superinfection of ALV-J ultimately leads to increased virulence and reduced vaccine efficacy in infected chickens [ 21 , 22 ]. As mentioned above, ALV-J is often mixed with homologous viruses such as ALV-A, ALV-B, and ALV-K as well as heterologous viruses such as REV [ 23 ], MDV [ 2 ], CAV [ 22 ], and IBDV.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, it is currently accepted that a superinfection of ALV-J ultimately leads to increased virulence and reduced vaccine efficacy in infected chickens [ 21 , 22 ]. As mentioned above, ALV-J is often mixed with homologous viruses such as ALV-A, ALV-B, and ALV-K as well as heterologous viruses such as REV [ 23 ], MDV [ 2 ], CAV [ 22 ], and IBDV. There are many natural examples of ALV-J superinfections with different viruses; however, the direct cause for the enhanced pathogenicity and tumorigenesis remains obscured.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synergistic Immunosuppression of Avian Leukosis Virus Subgroup J and Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Is Responsible for Enhanced Pathogenicity

Chen

Nie

et al. 2022

Viruses

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In recent years, superinfections of avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J) and infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) have been frequently observed in nature, which has led to the increasing virulence in infected chickens. However, the reason for the enhanced pathogenicity has remained unclear. In this study, we demonstrated an effective candidate model for studying the outcome of superinfections with ALV-J and IBDV in cells and specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chicks. Through in vitro experiments, we found that ALV-J and IBDV can establish the superinfection models and synergistically promote the expression of IL-6, IL-10, IFN-α, and IFN-γ in DF-1 and CEF cells. In vivo, the weight loss, survival rate, and histopathological observations showed that more severe pathogenicity was present in the superinfected chickens. In addition, we found that superinfections of ALV-J and IBDV synergistically increased the viral replication of the two viruses and inflammatory mediator secretions in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, by measuring the immune organ indexes and blood proportions of CD3+, CD4+, and CD8α+ cells, our results showed that the more severe instances of immunosuppression were observed in the superinfected chickens. In the present study, we concluded that the more severe immunosuppression induced by the synergistic viral replication of ALV-J and IBDV is responsible for the enhanced pathogenicity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic Immunosuppression of Avian Leukosis Virus Subgroup J and Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Is Responsible for Enhanced Pathogenicity

Chen

Nie

et al. 2022

Viruses

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“…6,7 The coding region of ALV contains three coding genes: gag, pol, and env and ALV-P27 exists in the gag gene and has high homology and conservation in various ALV subgroups. 8,9 The translated P27 protein is the core protein of the virus and the main antigen component for the immunological detection of ALV selection. 10 The commonly used detection methods in ALV laboratories include virus isolation, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), 11 indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA), polymerase chain reaction (PCR), 12,13 and loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), 14 which are generally complex to operate, and require expensive instruments, making them unsuitable for large-scale clinical testing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishment and application of a gold nanoparticle-based immunochromatographic test strip for the detection of avian leukosis virus P27 antigen in egg white samples

Wei,

Kuang,

et al. 2024

Analyst

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“…CAV can spread both horizontally and vertically ( 21 , 22 ). In adult birds, the virus serves as an important cofactor for establishment of other viral infections, such as Marek's Disease virus (MDV), reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV), infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV), avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J), reovirus, and adenovirus ( 23 , 24 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic Sequence and Pathogenicity of the Chicken Anemia Virus Isolated From Chicken in Yunnan Province, China

et al. 2022

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Chicken anemia virus (CAV), which has been reported in many countries, causes severe anemia and immunosuppression in chickens. In this study, a CAV strain YN04 belonging to genotype A was first identified from infected chickens in Yunnan province, China. Moreover, the animal infection experiments further confirmed that the strain YN04 is a highly pathogenic strain, which can cause 86.67% mortality in chickens in the infection group. The mean death time of infected chickens was 13.1 days post infection (dpi). CAV infection induced severe anemia with significant decrease in packed cell volume (PCV), and serious atrophy and lesion of thymus and bursa with high viral load at 14 dpi. Besides, CAV infection caused a sharp decrease in chicken body weight and immune organ indices including the ratio of thymus or bursa to body weight at 21 dpi, which displayed the potential immunosuppression state at this stage. These findings enrich the epidemiological data on CAV and may provide information for preventing its further spread in Yunnan province, China.

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Synergistic pathogenesis of chicken infectious anemia virus and J subgroup of avian leukosis virus

Cited by 14 publications

References 27 publications

Synergistic Immunosuppression of Avian Leukosis Virus Subgroup J and Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Is Responsible for Enhanced Pathogenicity

Synergistic Immunosuppression of Avian Leukosis Virus Subgroup J and Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Is Responsible for Enhanced Pathogenicity

Establishment and application of a gold nanoparticle-based immunochromatographic test strip for the detection of avian leukosis virus P27 antigen in egg white samples

Genomic Sequence and Pathogenicity of the Chicken Anemia Virus Isolated From Chicken in Yunnan Province, China

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