Synergistic plasma-assisted electrochemical reduction of nitrogen to ammonia

Kumari, Sudesh; Pishgar, Sahar; Schwarting, Marcus; Paxton, William F.; Spurgeon, Joshua M.

doi:10.1039/c8cc07869f

Cited by 54 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Electrons from the metal reduce H + to H, as in Equation ( 20) [23]. Presence of metal in plasma-treated water significantly increase the pH value (=−log[H + ]) due to the reduced H + .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…NTAPP methods could prove to be superior to existing fertilizer technology for the following reasons: (i) They operate under atmospheric conditions using sustainable energy [21,22]. (ii) In contrast to the H-B process, they do not emit any greenhouse gases [23,24]. (iii) They are cost effective in terms of establishment, production, carriage, and storage [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Low-Temperature Plasma-Assisted Nitrogen Fixation for Corn Plant Growth and Development

Lamichhane

Veerana

Lim

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Nitrogen fixation is crucial for plants as it is utilized for the biosynthesis of almost all biomolecules. Most of our atmosphere consists of nitrogen, but plants cannot straightforwardly assimilate this from the air, and natural nitrogen fixation is inadequate to meet the extreme necessities of global nutrition. In this study, nitrogen fixation in water was achieved by an AC-driven non-thermal atmospheric pressure nitrogen plasma jet. In addition, Mg, Al, or Zn was immersed in the water, which neutralized the plasma-treated water and increased the rate of nitrogen reduction to ammonia due to the additional hydrogen generated by the reaction between the plasma-generated acid and metal. The effect of the plasma-activated water, with and without metal ions, on germination and growth in corn plants (Zea Mays) was investigated. The germination rate was found to be higher with plasma-treated water and more efficient in the presence of metal ions. Stem lengths and germination rates were significantly increased with respect to those produced by DI water irrigation. The plants responded to the abundance of nitrogen by producing intensely green leaves because of their increased chlorophyll and protein contents. Based on this report, non-thermal plasma reactors could be used to substantially enhance seed germination and seedling growth.

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“…Electrons from the metal reduce H + to H, as in Equation ( 20) [23]. Presence of metal in plasma-treated water significantly increase the pH value (=−log[H + ]) due to the reduced H + .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-Temperature Plasma-Assisted Nitrogen Fixation for Corn Plant Growth and Development

Lamichhane

Veerana

Lim

et al. 2021

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A combined plasma-electrolytic system was proposed for ammonia formation from H, generated from either H 2 O molecules or H + ions, by Kumari et al, 205 Hawtof et al, 139 Haruyama et al [206][207][208][209]211 and Peng et al 138,140 Ammonia was formed by direct interaction of air or N 2 plasma with H 2 O, allowing simpler reactors, i.e., no need for counter electrodes in liquids and additional electrolysis. Gorbanev et al 137 used an atmospheric pressure plasma jet with N 2 containing H 2 O vapour, in contact with liquid H 2 O.…”

Section: Performance In Various Types Of Plasma Reactorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma-driven catalysis: green ammonia synthesis with intermittent electricity

et al. 2020

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“…Considering their performance, the HER from the photo-electrochemical water A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p t splitting was better than that from the electrolysis of water [3], electrochemical reduction of water [8,19], and UV induced dissociation of water [6,7,9] for N H 3 synthesis. A commercial membrane electrode assembly (MEA) electrolyzer is available for electrochemical water splitting; however, according to Kumari et al [3], the direct plasma exposure of the costly MEA electrolyzer causes several drawbacks such as the gradual degradation of MEA performance via a sputtering mechanism, dehydration of electrode, and difficulties in the stabilization of current after plasma exposure. Nevertheless, in this photo-electrochemical water splitting, the current stabilized within 2-5 minutes and no physicochemical change was observed in the PEM after the operation, which was confirmed by contact angle measurements.…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable nitrogen fixation from synergistic effect of photo-electrochemical water splitting and atmospheric pressure N₂ plasma

Lamichhane

Adhikari

Nguyen

et al. 2020

Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.

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In this study, nitrogen fixation in the electrolyte was achieved by atmospheric pressure non-thermal plasma generated by a sinusoidal power supply (with an applied voltage of 10 kV and frequency of 33 kHz). Ammonia measurements on plasma exposed electrolyte at several working gas and purging gas conditions revealed that nitrogen plasma on the same gas environment is more favorable for plasma-assisted ammonia synthesis. In addition, photo-electrochemical water splitting was performed by irradiating UV light (316 nm) on a titanium dioxide semiconductor photo-anode to generate hydrogen donor in nitrogen reduction reaction. The amount of ammonia synthesized by this synergistic process of photo-electrochemical water splitting and nitrogen plasma is six times higher than that obtained by nitrogen plasma alone. An increase in the co-synthesized N O X concentrations and background contamination at reaction site reduces the ammonia synthesis rate and Faraday efficiency. However, the ammonia production efficiency was increased up to 72% by using a proton-exchange membrane which prevent the diffusion of oxygen evolved from water splitting into the plasma, and by reducing the axial distance between the plasma electrode and reaction site. The sustainable nitrogen fixation process reported herein can be performed at atmospheric pressure conditions without a direct input of hydrogen gas or any catalyst.

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Synergistic plasma-assisted electrochemical reduction of nitrogen to ammonia

Abstract: A nitrogen plasma was incorporated into the cathode side of an electrolyzer to provide energetically activated N2 species to the electrocatalyst surface.

Cited by 54 publications

References 23 publications

Low-Temperature Plasma-Assisted Nitrogen Fixation for Corn Plant Growth and Development

Low-Temperature Plasma-Assisted Nitrogen Fixation for Corn Plant Growth and Development

Plasma-driven catalysis: green ammonia synthesis with intermittent electricity

Sustainable nitrogen fixation from synergistic effect of photo-electrochemical water splitting and atmospheric pressure N₂ plasma

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Synergistic plasma-assisted electrochemical reduction of nitrogen to ammonia

Abstract: A nitrogen plasma was incorporated into the cathode side of an electrolyzer to provide energetically activated N2 species to the electrocatalyst surface.

Cited by 54 publications

References 23 publications

Low-Temperature Plasma-Assisted Nitrogen Fixation for Corn Plant Growth and Development

Low-Temperature Plasma-Assisted Nitrogen Fixation for Corn Plant Growth and Development

Plasma-driven catalysis: green ammonia synthesis with intermittent electricity

Sustainable nitrogen fixation from synergistic effect of photo-electrochemical water splitting and atmospheric pressure N2 plasma

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Sustainable nitrogen fixation from synergistic effect of photo-electrochemical water splitting and atmospheric pressure N₂ plasma