Synergistic relationship between the three-dimensional nanostructure and electrochemical performance in biocarbon supercapacitor electrode materials

Abouelamaiem, Dina Ibrahim; He, Guanjie; Parkin, Ivan P.; Neville, Tobias P.; Sobrido, Ana Jorge; Ji, Shan; Wang, Rongfang; Titirici, Maria‐Magdalena; Shearing, Paul R.; Brett, Dan J. L.

doi:10.1039/c7se00519a

Cited by 63 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 49 publications

(66 reference statements)

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“…[2,17,18] Sevilla et al [13] reported N-doped carbons with surface areas of~2400 m 2 /g from hydrothermal carbonization and activation using microalgae as biomass precursor. The use of biomass-derived cellulose for producing porous carbons as electrodes for supercapacitor has also been reported giving excellent performance [19] and the incorporation of certain types heteroatoms into frameworks has shown to notably increase the energy storage capacity. [4,6,20] Moreover, freestanding biomass-derived have also been recently developed as potential candidates for flexible energy storage devices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Performance N‐Doped Carbon Electrodes Obtained via Hydrothermal Carbonization of Macroalgae for Supercapacitor Applications

et al. 2018

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The conversion of bio‐waste into useful porous carbons constitutes a very attractive approach to contribute to the development of sustainable energy economy, even more as they can be used in energy storage devices. Here we report the synthesis of N‐doped carbons from hydrothermal carbonization of macroalgae, Enteromorpha prolifera (EP), followed by a mild KOH activation step. The obtained N‐doped carbons exhibited surface areas of up to ∼2000 m2/g with N‐loadings varied in the range of 1.4∼2.9 at %. By modifying activation temperature, we were able to tune the surface chemistry and porosity, achieving excellent control of their properties. The specific capacitance reached values of up to 200 F/g at 1 A/g in 6 M KOH for the sample obtained at activation temperature of 700 °C (AHC‐700). The symmetric supercapacitor using the sample activated at 800 °C (AHC‐800) as electrodes exhibited the highest cycling stability of the samples studied in this work, with capacitance retention of up to 96 % at 10 A/g, even after 10,000 cycles, constituting the highest reported for biomass‐derived carbon electrodes. These results show the great potential of N‐doped carbons as electrodes for supercapacitors and confirm the excellent electrochemical properties of biomass‐derived carbons in energy storage technologies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Performance N‐Doped Carbon Electrodes Obtained via Hydrothermal Carbonization of Macroalgae for Supercapacitor Applications

et al. 2018

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“…The recent advances in X‐ray computed tomography (CT) have allowed characterisation of the microstructure of many electrochemical devices such as lithium‐ion batteries, solid oxide fuel cells, polymer electrolyte fuel cells, supercapacitors, and, more recently, RFBs . The application of tomographic images in the study of porous media has the benefit of allowing numerical simulations to be conducted directly on the actual structures represented in the images, and therefore allowing prediction of the material's performance based on its microstructural properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

X‐ray Nano Computed Tomography of Electrospun Fibrous Mats as Flow Battery Electrodes

et al. 2018

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Many electrochemical energy storage and conversion devices employ porous media as electrodes, gas diffusion layers or separators. Recently, electrospinning has received significant attention as a way to generate nano‐fibers of polymers with controlled morphology and properties that, once carbonised, can act as conductive and porous media for electrochemical energy devices. The recent advances in X‐ray computed tomography have led the technique to be widely used in the characterisation of energy technologies and porous media as it offers a uniquely non‐destructive insight into the 3D microstructure of materials. Here we present electrospun fibrous mats with uncontrolled, controlled and aligned morphology for use as redox flow battery electrodes and, for the first time, obtain ultra‐high resolution nano‐tomographic X‐ray imaging of the materials using a lab source. The virtual 3D volumes enable extraction of parameters that would not be possible via other characterisation routes.

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“…Recent studies have recorded high specific capacitance values with excellent cyclability and stability, owing to the use of innovative materials with optimized surface properties and porous texture [9][10][11]. However, there has been little work reported on the underlying factors that determine the relationship between structural form and electrochemical performance [12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These materials have been established as model systems and are easily tuned to achieve porous carbons of high specific surface areas that enhance the electrochemical performance of supercapacitors. Herein, cellulose of softwood pulp origin (Pinus Silvestris and Picea Abies, α-cellulose > 85 %) was activated using different KOH (Fisher Scientific, UK) loadings, as previously reported[12].Briefly, the cellulose samples (UPM-Kymmene Corporation, Finland) were prepared via blending with water to reach 1% consistency and 500 g m -2 . The samples were pressed at a pressure of 5000 lbs and temperature of 120 °C (Carver Inc., USA), then soaked in KOH solutions of different concentrations followed by carbonization at a heating ramp of 20 °Cmin -1 up to 850 °C for 1 h in 1 L min -1 nitrogen flow.…”

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Correlating electrochemical impedance with hierarchical structure for porous carbon-based supercapacitors using a truncated transmission line model

Abouelamaiem

Neville

et al. 2018

Electrochimica Acta

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This work considers the relationship between the morphology of porous carbon materials used for supercapacitors and the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) response. EIS is a powerful tool that can be used to study the porous 3-dimensional electrode behavior in different electrochemical systems. Porous carbons prepared by treatment of cellulose with different compositions of potassium hydroxide (KOH) were used as model systems to investigate the form vs. electrochemical function relationship. A simple equivalent circuit that represents the electrochemical impedance behavior over a wide range of frequencies was designed. The associated impedances with the bulk electrolyte, Faradaic electrode processes and different pore size ranges were investigated using a truncated version of the standard transmission line model. The analysis considers the requirements of porous materials as

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Synergistic relationship between the three-dimensional nanostructure and electrochemical performance in biocarbon supercapacitor electrode materials

Cited by 63 publications

References 49 publications

High Performance N‐Doped Carbon Electrodes Obtained via Hydrothermal Carbonization of Macroalgae for Supercapacitor Applications

High Performance N‐Doped Carbon Electrodes Obtained via Hydrothermal Carbonization of Macroalgae for Supercapacitor Applications

X‐ray Nano Computed Tomography of Electrospun Fibrous Mats as Flow Battery Electrodes

Correlating electrochemical impedance with hierarchical structure for porous carbon-based supercapacitors using a truncated transmission line model

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