Synergistic Strategies for Gastrointestinal Cancer Care: Unveiling the Benefits of Immunonutrition and Microbiota Modulation

Martinelli, Serena; Lamminpää, Ingrid; Dübüş, Eda Nur; Sarıkaya, Dilara; Niccolai, Elena

doi:10.3390/nu15204408

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 166 publications

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“…The deliberate delay of late enteral nourishment is designed to mitigate specific concerns, such as anastomotic leaks or infections, ensuring the meticulous healing of the gastrointestinal system [ 7 , 8 ]. Postoperative malnutrition, a frequent complication, arises from factors like extended fasting, vomiting, and diarrhea, further compromising the immune system and escalating the risk of infection [ 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Study Between the Early and Late Enteral Nutrition After Gastrointestinal Anastomosis Operations

Imran,

Ismail,

Raza

et al. 2024

Cureus

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Introduction: Intestinal anastomosis is a surgical procedure crucial for restoring the integrity of the digestive system and finds widespread application in addressing diverse gastrointestinal disorders such as tumors, inflammatory conditions, and traumatic injuries. The timing of restarting feeding after the surgery is a debated topic due to its potential impact on patient recovery. Early enteral feeding, administered soon after surgery, aims to counteract the negative effects of prolonged fasting and improve outcomes. Objective: This study analyzed the early and late enteral feeding following gastrointestinal anastomosis surgery. Methods: Forty patients undergoing abdominal surgery were prospectively randomized into early or late feeding groups. Demographics, laboratory values, operative time, blood loss, transfusion rates, nasogastric tube (NGT) removal, hospital stay, gastrointestinal recovery, postoperative body mass index (BMI), and complications were compared. Data was organized in Excel and analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, IBM Corp., Version 27.0, Armonk, NY). Qualitative data were presented with numbers and percentages, while parametric quantitative data used means, standard deviations, and ranges. Non-parametric quantitative data were represented with medians and interquartile ranges. Chi-square tests were used for comparing two qualitative groups with predicted counts less than 5, while independent t-tests and Mann-Whitney tests were employed for comparing two quantitative groups with parametric and non-parametric distributions, respectively. The analysis used a 95% confidence interval, a 5% margin of error, and considered P values less than 0.05 as significant. Results: Early feeding was associated with significantly shorter NGT removal times (p=0.005) and hospital stays (p=0.001) than late feeding. Postprandial potassium levels were higher in the early group (p=0.007), while CRP levels were significantly lower (p=0.004). No significant differences were found in operative time, blood loss, transfusion rates, gastrointestinal recovery, postoperative BMI, or complication rates between groups. Conclusions: Early enteral feeding appears safe and effective after gastrointestinal anastomosis surgery, potentially reducing hospital stay and improving inflammatory markers without increasing adverse events.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Study Between the Early and Late Enteral Nutrition After Gastrointestinal Anastomosis Operations

Imran,

Ismail,

Raza

et al. 2024

Cureus

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“…Variability in survival rates across different digestive system cancers reflects the inherent biological diversity, tumour heterogeneity and varied treatment responses, highlighting the complexity of these malignancies [26][27][28][29]. As research progresses, the potential of intratumoral bacteria in digestive system cancer development is increasingly recognised, paving the way for innovative approaches to digestive system cancer therapy (Table 1) [30][31][32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unravelling the role of intratumoral bacteria in digestive system cancers: current insights and future perspectives

Lu,

Aihaiti,

Abudukeranmu

et al. 2024

J Transl Med

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Recently, research on the human microbiome, especially concerning the bacteria within the digestive system, has substantially advanced. This exploration has unveiled a complex interplay between microbiota and health, particularly in the context of disease. Evidence suggests that the gut microbiome plays vital roles in digestion, immunity and the synthesis of vitamins and neurotransmitters, highlighting its significance in maintaining overall health. Conversely, disruptions in these microbial communities, termed dysbiosis, have been linked to the pathogenesis of various diseases, including digestive system cancers. These bacteria can influence cancer progression through mechanisms such as DNA damage, modulation of the tumour microenvironment, and effects on the host’s immune response. Changes in the composition and function within the tumours can also impact inflammation, immune response and cancer therapy effectiveness. These findings offer promising avenues for the clinical application of intratumoral bacteria for digestive system cancer treatment, including the potential use of microbial markers for early cancer detection, prognostication and the development of microbiome-targeted therapies to enhance treatment outcomes. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the pivotal roles played by gut microbiome bacteria in the development of digestive system cancers. Additionally, we delve into the specific contributions of intratumoral bacteria to digestive system cancer development, elucidating potential mechanisms and clinical implications. Ultimately, this review underscores the intricate interplay between intratumoral bacteria and digestive system cancers, underscoring the pivotal role of microbiome research in transforming diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic paradigms for digestive system cancers.

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Enhancing CD4+/CD8+ T cell ratio and accelerating recovery in HNSCC patients through immunonutrition intervention

Lin,

Deng,

Liang

et al. 2024

Discov Onc

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Objective Malnutrition is a common issue in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), leading to compromised immune function and diminished treatment efficacy. This is particularly concerning for therapies targeting the PD-1 pathway, which are pivotal in cancer treatment. The aim of this retrospective study was to explore the potential benefits of immunonutrition in improving immune responses and clinical outcomes for these patients. Methods In the study, 49 individuals diagnosed with HNSCC were enrolled and divided into two groups: one group received specialized immunonutrition support designed to enhance immune function, while the other group received standard nutritional care. The researchers assessed immune function by evaluating CD4+ and CD8+ T cell counts, which are critical indicators of immune health. Additionally, clinical outcomes were monitored, focusing on infection rates and the duration of hospital stays. Results Patients who received immunonutrition showed a significant improvement in immune function, as indicated by higher levels of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Furthermore, these patients experienced shorter recovery times and lower infection rates compared to those receiving standard nutrition. Conclusion These findings suggest that immunonutrition may play a vital role in enhancing the effectiveness of cancer therapies, including PD-1 inhibitors. By supporting immune health, immunonutrition could potentially improve patient outcomes and quality of life during and after treatment. This study underscores the importance of integrating nutritional support into cancer care, particularly for patients with HNSCC. As the field of oncology continues to evolve, incorporating strategies that address nutritional deficiencies could be key to optimizing treatment efficacy and improving overall survival rates. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12672-024-01598-6.

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Synergistic Strategies for Gastrointestinal Cancer Care: Unveiling the Benefits of Immunonutrition and Microbiota Modulation

Cited by 7 publications

References 166 publications

A Comparative Study Between the Early and Late Enteral Nutrition After Gastrointestinal Anastomosis Operations

A Comparative Study Between the Early and Late Enteral Nutrition After Gastrointestinal Anastomosis Operations

Unravelling the role of intratumoral bacteria in digestive system cancers: current insights and future perspectives

Enhancing CD4+/CD8+ T cell ratio and accelerating recovery in HNSCC patients through immunonutrition intervention

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