Synergistically integrated phosphonated poly(pentafluorostyrene) for fuel cells

Atanasov, Vladimir; Lee, Albert S.; Park, Eun Joo; Maurya, Sandip; Baca, Ehren; Fujimoto, Cy; Hibbs, Michael; Matanović, Ivana; Kerres, Jochen; Kim, Yu Seung

doi:10.1038/s41563-020-00841-z

Cited by 148 publications

(178 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Some other advantages include their fast electrode kinetics, enhanced mass transport, higher tolerance to impurities such as CO (up to 3 vol.%), and better sustain-ability [13,[36][37][38]. Recent advances in other HT membranes, specifically for fuel cells, have been made [39][40][41]. These include, for example, phosphonated poly(pentafluorostyrene) for fuel cells and fuel cells based on quaternary ammonium-biphosphate ion pairs.…”

Section: Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrogen Separation and Purification from Various Gas Mixtures by Means of Electrochemical Membrane Technology in the Temperature Range 100–160 °C

2021

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This paper reports on an experimental evaluation of the hydrogen separation performance in a proton exchange membrane system with Pt-Co/C as the anode electrocatalyst. The recovery of hydrogen from H2/CO2, H2/CH4, and H2/NH3 gas mixtures were determined in the temperature range of 100–160 °C. The effects of both the impurity concentration and cell temperature on the separation performance of the cell and membrane were further examined. The electrochemical properties and performance of the cell were determined by means of polarization curves, limiting current density, open-circuit voltage, hydrogen permeability, hydrogen selectivity, hydrogen purity, and cell efficiencies (current, voltage, and power efficiencies) as performance parameters. High purity hydrogen (>99.9%) was obtained from a low purity feed (20% H2) after hydrogen was separated from H2/CH4 mixtures. Hydrogen purities of 98–99.5% and 96–99.5% were achieved for 10% and 50% CO2 in the feed, respectively. Moreover, the use of proton exchange membranes for electrochemical hydrogen separation was unsuccessful in separating hydrogen-rich streams containing NH3; the membrane underwent irreversible damage.

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Section: Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As for a possible future work, one can consider using hydrocarbon-based PEM membranes [69], PFSA-based materials with various modifications to address water management challenges [70], as well as novel phosphonated materials [40].…”

Section: Possible Future Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen Separation and Purification from Various Gas Mixtures by Means of Electrochemical Membrane Technology in the Temperature Range 100–160 °C

2021

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“…The conductivity of phosphonated membranes is known to be sensitive to humidification and phosphonic acid concentration, i.e., IEC. For example, the proton conductivity PWN-1.8 exposed at 35% RH at room temperature is 0.06 mS cm -1 at 80 °C, while the anhydrous conductivity of the same polymer is only  10 -4 mS cm -1 at the same temperature 17 . Because water is generated in the cathode and phosphoric acid movement and redistribution under fuel cell operating conditions 23 , the ionomer conductivity in the fuel cell electrodes is better estimated with a phosphoric acid-doped ionomer.…”

Section: Proton Conductivity Study On Protonated Phosphonic Acidmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Early attempts to use phosphonated polymers in fuel cell electrodes were unsuccessful because the formation of a phosphonic acid anhydride which limited the anhydrous proton conductivity at > 100 °C 15,16 . Recently, we resolved this issue by implementing a highly electron-withdrawing fluorophenyl substituent that suppresses the undesirable phosphonic acid anhydride formation 17 . Improved fuel cell performance was obtained by a poly(2,3,5,6-tetrafluorostyrene-4-phosphonic acid) (PWN) ionomer.…”

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confidence: 99%

Protonated Phosphonic Acid Electrodes for High Power Heavy-Duty Vehicle Fuel Cells

Lim

Lee

Atanasov

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Fuel cells operating at above 100 °C under anhydrous conditions provide an ideal solution for the heat rejection problem of heavy-duty vehicle applications. Here, we report protonated phosphonic acid electrodes that remarkably improve fuel cell performance. The protonated phosphonic acids are comprised of tetrafluorostyrene phosphonic acid and perfluorosulfonic acid polymers in which a proton of the perfluorosulfonic acid is transferred to the phosphonic acid to enhance the anhydrous proton conduction of fuel cell electrodes. By implementing this material into fuel cell electrodes, we obtained a fuel cell exhibiting a rated power density of 780 milliwatts per square centimeter at 160 °C, with minimal degradation during 2,500 hours of operation, and 700 thermal cycles from 40 to 160 °C under load.

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“…The development of various energy devices has attracted much attention from those who study energy harvesters [1][2][3][4], fuel cells [5,6], photovoltaics [7][8][9], and batteries [10,11] due to the continuous increase in global energy demand. Among these devices, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are highly applicable to various future energy device systems, such as large-capacity electrochemical energy storage (ESS) systems [12,13] and electric vehicles (EVs) [14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of Li2CO3 Nanostructures for Lithium-Ion Battery Anode Application by Nanotransfer Printing

Park

Lee

No³

et al. 2021

Materials

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Various high-performance anode and cathode materials, such as lithium carbonate, lithium titanate, cobalt oxides, silicon, graphite, germanium, and tin, have been widely investigated in an effort to enhance the energy density storage properties of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, the structural manipulation of anode materials to improve the battery performance remains a challenging issue. In LIBs, optimization of the anode material is a key technology affecting not only the power density but also the lifetime of the device. Here, we introduce a novel method by which to obtain nanostructures for LIB anode application on various surfaces via nanotransfer printing (nTP) process. We used a spark plasma sintering (SPS) process to fabricate a sputter target made of Li2CO3, which is used as an anode material for LIBs. Using the nTP process, various Li2CO3 nanoscale patterns, such as line, wave, and dot patterns on a SiO2/Si substrate, were successfully obtained. Furthermore, we show highly ordered Li2CO3 nanostructures on a variety of substrates, such as Al, Al2O3, flexible PET, and 2-Hydroxylethyl Methacrylate (HEMA) contact lens substrates. It is expected that the approach demonstrated here can provide new pathway to generate many other designable structures of various LIB anode materials.

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Synergistically integrated phosphonated poly(pentafluorostyrene) for fuel cells

Cited by 148 publications

References 48 publications

Hydrogen Separation and Purification from Various Gas Mixtures by Means of Electrochemical Membrane Technology in the Temperature Range 100–160 °C

Hydrogen Separation and Purification from Various Gas Mixtures by Means of Electrochemical Membrane Technology in the Temperature Range 100–160 °C

Protonated Phosphonic Acid Electrodes for High Power Heavy-Duty Vehicle Fuel Cells

Formation of Li2CO3 Nanostructures for Lithium-Ion Battery Anode Application by Nanotransfer Printing

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