Synergy of crude enzyme cocktail from cold-adapted Cladosporium cladosporioides Ch2-2 with commercial xylanase achieving high sugars yield at low cost

Abstract

Background: The efficiency and cost of current lignocellulosic enzymes still limit the large-scale production of cellulosic ethanol in industry. Residual lignin after pretreatment severely depresses the activity of polysaccharide hydrolases and the h ydrolysis of holocellulose. If we include in hydrolase mixture construction the ligninase involved in lignin degradation, which mainly includes laccase, manganese peroxidases (MnP) and lignin peroxidase (LiP), it is feasible that this could greatly improve the fermentable sugars yield. Results: The psychrophilic lignocellulosic enzymes system of Cladosporium cladosporioides Ch2-2 including ligninase and polysaccharide hydrolases was suitable for selective delignification and efficient saccharification of biomass with wide thermal adaptability. The purified laccase was optimally active at 15°C and pH 3.5, exhibiting high thermostability over a broad range of temperatures (between 4 and 40°C). In addition, manganese-independent peroxidase (MIP), a special type of ligninase with the capacity to oxidize dimethyl phthalate (DMP) in the absence of H 2 O 2 and Mn

Production of Cocktail Enzymes by Three Cladosporium Isolates and Bioconversion of Orange Peel Wastes into Valuable Enzymes

“…Microorganisms that have evolved to cold temperatures have a lot of promise in biotechnological applications, such as waste treatment and bioremediation at lower temperatures, as well as the textile and food sectors. [47][48][49] Cold-adaptive enzymes produced by psychrophilic microorganisms such as Cladosporium species have significant goals in bioconversion processes because of their high activity at low and moderate temperatures, they have the potential to economize processes by saving energy, and thus offer potential economic and environmental benefits such as reducing heatsensitive substrate alteration and the production of harmful by-products due to mild industrial conditions at low temperatures, and using psychrophilic enzymes. The aforementioned will make industrial operations more easy and safe, as in the case of conventional industry.…”

An update on enzymatic cocktails for lignocellulose breakdown

“…Another approach consists of supplementing crude extracts or commercial preparations with a specific enzyme that is necessary for the hydrolysis, but is lacking in the cocktail preparation (Ji et al . ; Peciulyte et al . ).…”

Insight into the cold adaptation and hemicellulose utilization of Cladosporium neopsychrotolerans from genome analysis and biochemical characterization

“…Cladosporium as the eurypsychrophilic fungus has been discovered in various cold environments, i.e. the oligotrophic soil 13 – 15 , air 16 , benthic mats 17 , marine sponges 18 , 19 and sea water 20 of the Antarctic, the alpine soil of Tibetan plateau 21 and Changbai 22 and Tianshan 23 Mountains, the deep sea of Pacific Ocean 24 and South China 25 , and bat 26 . Currently 205 species are accepted in Cladosporium , and only a few temperature studies were undertaken in eurypsychrophilic Cladosporium species 23 , 27 – 30 .…”

“…Currently 205 species are accepted in Cladosporium , and only a few temperature studies were undertaken in eurypsychrophilic Cladosporium species 23 , 27 – 30 . Cladosporium is normally associated with a necrotrophic or hemibiotrophic lifestyle 31 and has great capability of degrading lignocellulose 22 , 32 – 36 and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons like phenanthrene and anthracene 37 , 38 . However, so for only a few Carbohydrate Active enZymes (CAZymes), including glucoamylase 39 , xylanase 40 , 41 and α-galactosidase 42 , have been functionally characterized.…”