Synergy of Lithium, Cobalt, and Oxygen Vacancies in Lithium Cobalt Oxide for Airborne Benzene Oxidation: A Concept of Reusing Electronic Wastes for Air Pollutant Removal

Abstract

In this study, a recovery strategy of turning cathode materials of waste lithium-ion batteries, lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO2), into high-performance catalysts for the oxidation of airborne benzene is investigated. Part of the Co3+ in LiCoO2 was leached out from the [CoO6] octahedra by HNO3 solution via the disproportion reaction with the deintercalation of interlayer Li+ ions, resulting in the formations of Li, Co, and O vacancies. The presence of Li and O vacancies facilitated gaseous benzene adsorption and subsequent activation of adsorbed benzene, and the Co vacancies together with the oxygen vacancies induced the generation of plenty of active surface oxygen species, accordingly the catalytic activity of the acid-modified LiCoO2 was greatly improved with good resistance to the alternative “heating-cooling” operation and stability from 0.8 to 2.3 vol % of humidity. More importantly, the acid modification process is green since the HNO3 solution could be reused many times to produce effective catalysts, and the final solution containing high concentrations of Li+ and Co2+ ions could be potentially recycled for cathode material manufacturing. The acid treatment method also worked effectively with the commercial LiCoO2. This study would inspire the development of novel and sustainable catalytic systems for environmental applications.

LiCoO2 impregnated nano-hierarchical ZSM-5 assisted catalytic upgrading of Kraft lignin-derived liquefaction bio-oil

“…For LiCoO 2 -impregnated HZSM-5 catalysts, the highintensity peak between 750 and 800 °C was ascribed to the reduction of Li + to Li metal. 42 3.1.5 FESEM and ICP-OES analysis. Fig.…”

In Situ Aluminothermic Reduction Induced by Mechanochemical Activation Enhances the Ability of the Spent LiCoO2 Cathode to Activate Peroxymonosulfate

“…O sur mainly originates from the disintegration and adsorption of oxygen-containing substances on the oxygen vacancy . For metal oxides, oxygen molecules are usually adsorbed on the oxygen vacancy; thus, they are correlated with the number of oxygen vacancies in the material . Higher O sur /O latt indicates that more oxygen vacancies are formed on the material surface.…”

First-Principles and Thermodynamics Comparison of Compositionally-Tuned Delafossites: Cation Release from the (001) Surface of Complex Metal Oxides

“…55 Recent work has pointed towards the use of waste CMOs as catalysts for the surface adsorption and oxidation of organic compounds. 56 The acid-assisted leaching of Li and Co cations to create surface vacancies in LCO was shown to adsorb and oxidize benzene, but the pH dependent thermodynamics of surface metal release and structures presented here could be used as a guide for design of more specific, tailorable catalytic systems.…”