Syngamy and Resting Body Development in Chytriomyces Hyalinus (Chytridiales)

Miller, Charles E.; Dylewski, Daniel P.

doi:10.1002/j.1537-2197.1981.tb06371.x

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…In somatogamy, the resting spore occurs from the anastomosed rhizoids between two thalli. This type of sexual reproduction was well-studied in Chytriomyces hyalinus (Moore & Miller 1973, Miller 1977, Miller & Dylewski 1981 and Polyphagus euglenae (Wager 1913). Although many types of sexual reproduction are observed in Chytridiomycetes, taxonomic implication of sexual reproduction of chytrids has not been argued enough.…”

Section: Sexual Reproduction Of Chytridsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taxonomic revision of the genus Zygorhizidium: Zygorhizidiales and Zygophlyctidales ord. nov. (Chytridiomycetes, Chytridiomycota)

Seto

Wyngaert

Degawa

et al. 2020

Fungal Systematics and Evolution

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During the last decade, the classification system of chytrids has dramatically changed based on zoospore ultrastructure and molecular phylogeny. In contrast to well-studied saprotrophic chytrids, most parasitic chytrids have thus far been only morphologically described by light microscopy, hence they hold great potential for filling some of the existing gaps in the current classification of chytrids. The genus Zygorhizidium is characterized by an operculate zoosporangium and a resting spore formed as a result of sexual reproduction in which a male thallus and female thallus fuse via a conjugation tube. All described species of Zygorhizidium are parasites of algae and their taxonomic positions remain to be resolved. Here, we examined morphology, zoospore ultrastructure, host specificity, and molecular phylogeny of seven cultures of Zygorhizidium spp. Based on thallus morphology and host specificity, one culture was identified as Z. willei parasitic on zygnematophycean green algae, whereas the others were identified as parasites of diatoms, Z. asterionellae on Asterionella, Z. melosirae on Aulacoseira, and Z. planktonicum on Ulnaria (formerly Synedra). According to phylogenetic analysis, Zygorhizidium was separated into two distinct order-level novel lineages; one lineage was composed singly of Z. willei, which is the type species of the genus, and the other included the three species of diatom parasites. Zoospore ultrastructural observation revealed that the two lineages can be distinguished from each other and both possess unique characters among the known orders within the Chytridiomycetes. Based on these results, we accommodate the three diatom parasites, Z. asterionellae, Z. melosirae, and Z. planktonicum in the distinct genus Zygophlyctis, and propose two new orders: Zygorhizidiales and Zygophlyctidales.

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Section: Sexual Reproduction Of Chytridsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taxonomic revision of the genus Zygorhizidium: Zygorhizidiales and Zygophlyctidales ord. nov. (Chytridiomycetes, Chytridiomycota)

Seto

Wyngaert

Degawa

et al. 2020

Fungal Systematics and Evolution

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“…In this species, two individuals fuse at their rhizoids to form a thick-walled resistant spore [14]. This fungus is a saprobe, but other Chytridiomycota, such as Batrachochytrium [15], are parasites, associated with amphibian decline, or like Neocallimastix , mutualists found in the stomachs of ruminate mammals [16].…”

Section: Chytridiomycotamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Fungi

et al. 2009

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“…Anastomosis is a rare event in chytrids and is probably associated with sexual reproduction (Miller and Dylewski, 1981 ). The biology of hyphal fusion is well-understood (Read et al, 2014 ), but what drives chytrid rhizoidal fusion?…”

Section: Knowledge Gaps In Aquatic Chytrid Biology and Possible Futur...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Call for a Better Understanding of Aquatic Chytrid Biology

Laundon

Cunliffe

2021

Front. Fungal Biol.

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The phylum Chytridiomycota (the “chytrids”) is an early-diverging, mostly unicellular, lineage of fungi that consists of significant aquatic saprotrophs, parasites, and pathogens, and is of evolutionary interest because its members retain biological traits considered ancestral in the fungal kingdom. While the existence of aquatic chytrids has long been known, their fundamental biology has received relatively little attention. We are beginning to establish a detailed understanding of aquatic chytrid diversity and insights into their ecological functions and prominence. However, the underpinning biology governing their aquatic ecological activities and associated core processes remain largely understudied and therefore unresolved. Many biological questions are outstanding for aquatic chytrids. What are the mechanisms that control their development and life cycle? Which core processes underpin their aquatic influence? What can their biology tell us about the evolution of fungi and the wider eukaryotic tree of life? We propose that the field of aquatic chytrid ecology could be further advanced through the improved understanding of chytrid biology, including the development of model aquatic chytrids and targeted studies using culture-independent approaches.

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Syngamy and Resting Body Development in Chytriomyces Hyalinus (Chytridiales)

Cited by 13 publications

References 6 publications

Taxonomic revision of the genus Zygorhizidium: Zygorhizidiales and Zygophlyctidales ord. nov. (Chytridiomycetes, Chytridiomycota)

Taxonomic revision of the genus Zygorhizidium: Zygorhizidiales and Zygophlyctidales ord. nov. (Chytridiomycetes, Chytridiomycota)

The Fungi

A Call for a Better Understanding of Aquatic Chytrid Biology

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