Syngeneic and allogeneic cell‐mediated cytotoxicity against marek's disease lymphoblastoid tumor cell lines

Schat, K. A.; Shek, William R.; Calnek, B. W.; Abplanalp, Hans

doi:10.1002/ijc.2910290213

Cited by 24 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…We showed that CD8 was down-regulated at the transcriptional level during MDV infection (Figs 3 and 4). It is well known that MDV can cause a functional deficiency of CTL, for example delayed rejection of Rous sarcomas or MD transplantable tumour cells (Calnek et al, 1975), increased susceptibility to coccidiosis (Biggs et al, 1968) and absence of specific cytotoxic activities against MD tumour cells (Schat et al, 1982;Powell et al, 1983). Down-regulation of CD8, therefore, may be important for the immunosuppression of T cells.…”

Section: T Morimura and Othersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the same time, MDV causes secondary immunosuppression, which is characterized by unresponsiveness to mitogen stimulation (Theis et al, 1975), delayed rejection of Rous sarcomas or MD transplantable tumour cells (Calnek et al, 1975), and increased susceptibility to coccidiosis (Biggs et al, 1968). Interestingly, cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) against syngenic MD tumour cell lines, which had been thought to be important for tumour inhibition, were not detected in chickens infected with MDV (Schat et al, 1982). Subsequently, MDV can cause the development of CD4 + T cell lymphoma in chickens (Schat et al, 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Immunomodulation of peripheral T cells in chickens infected with Marek's disease virus: involvement in immunosuppression

Morimura

Hattori

Ohashi

et al. 1995

Journal of General Virology

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Marek's disease virus (MDV) causes T cell immunosuppression in chickens during latent infection. Morphological changes specific to apoptosis were demonstrated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of MDV-infected chickens at 2-3 weeks post-inoculation (p,i.). Analysis of DNA fragmentation in T cell subsets in the peripheral blood revealed that CD4 + T cells but not CD8 + T cells underwent apoptosis after MDV infection. The proportion of CD4 + T cells, but not that of CD8 + T cells, in the peripheral blood expanded transiently at 16 days p.i., and rapidly decreased 1 week later. The decrease in CD4 + T cells might be mediated by apoptosis, because a rapid reduction in CD4 + T cells was observed when these cells underwent apoptosis.Analysis of the T cell-receptor (TCR) repertoire of the peripheral blood showed that Vfll but not Vfl2-~tfl TCRbearing cells expanded at 16 days p.i., when the transient expansion of the CD4 ÷ T cell population was observed in these chickens. Flow cytometric profiles also showed that the expression of CD8 was down-regulated after infection with MDV, but there was no difference in the expression level of CD4 molecules between normal and infected chickens. Northern blot analysis indicated that the down-regulation of CD8 occurred at the transcriptional level. These results suggest that both apoptosis of CD4 ÷ T cells and down-regulation of CD8 molecules could contribute to the immunosuppression caused by MDV.

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Section: T Morimura and Othersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunomodulation of peripheral T cells in chickens infected with Marek's disease virus: involvement in immunosuppression

Morimura

Hattori

Ohashi

et al. 1995

Journal of General Virology

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“…Although CD4-/CD8-T-cells have not yet been described in chickens, the author's group has CU14 (B 19 B 19 ) in a 4-h assay, CU36 (B 17 * 17 ) in a 4-h assay; and CU36 in a 8-h assay, respectively. From: Schat et al (1982). Reproduced with permission.…”

Section: Table 2 Detection Of Marek's Disease Tumor-associated Antigmentioning

confidence: 96%

Importance of Cell-Mediated Immunity in Marek's Disease and Other Viral Tumor Diseases

Schat

1991

Poultry Science

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Cell-mediated immune (CMI) responses to viral tumor diseases are often used as examples of the importance of antiviral and antitumor immunity in chickens. Especially, reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV) and Marek's disease herpesvirus (MDV) are used as models to study the development of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes against viral and tumor antigens and activation of natural killer (NK) cells. Major histocompatibility complex Class I-restricted, antiviral cytotoxic T-lymphocytes expressing CD4-/CD8+ markers are induced after infection with REV. Thus far, this is the only example of Class I-restricted cytotoxic T-lymphocytes in chickens. Antiviral cytotoxic T-lymphocytes may be induced by infection with MDV or by vaccination, but conclusive evidence has not yet been provided. Antitumor responses have not been demonstrated against REV-induced tumors. Although Marek's disease is often used as an example for the importance of antitumor immunity, there is a lack of convincing data demonstrating antitumor immunity mediated by cytotoxic T-lymphocytes. Activation of NK cells by MDV infection or vaccination is probably an important part of CMI responses against Marek's disease viral antigens but not against tumor antigens.

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“…This recombinant fowlpox virus induces both humoral and cellular immunity via CD8 + T cells immediately after the vaccination, indicating that immune responses against gB might be essential for the protective effects induced by the vaccines. Interestingly, a series of MD vaccines can induce specific cytotoxicity of lymphocytes against MHC-restricted allogenic but not syngenic tumor cell lines [71].…”

Section: The Significance Of Cd8 + T Cells In the Protective Effects mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenesis of Marek's Disease(MD) and Possible Mechanisms of Immunity Induced by MD Vaccine.

et al. 1998

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ABSTRACT. Marek's disease (MD) is a lymphoproliferative disease of chicken, which is characterized by malignant T cell-lymphoma formation. This disease can be effectively prevented by vaccination with attenuated MD virus (MDV), apathogenic MDV or herpesvirus of turkey. MD vaccines are ones of a few vaccines which can prevent virus-induced tumor among mammalian and avian species. To determine the roles of T cell subsets in the protection mechanism, chickens vaccinated with an attenuated MDV (CVI988) were depleted of either CD4 + or CD8 + T cells by neonatal thymectomy and injections of monoclonal antibodies against chicken CD4 or CD8 molecules and then challenged with an oncogenic MDV. These birds were effectively protected from MDV-induced tumors. However, virus titers in CD4 + T cells, which are the main target cells for MDV-latent infection and subsequent transformation, were much higher in CD8-deficient vaccinated chickens than in untreated vaccinated chickens at the early stage of the latent phase. These results suggested that CD8 + T cell responses induced by the MD vaccine are essential for anti-virus but not anti-tumor effects. Here, we will discuss how the attenuated vaccine prevents chickens from lymphoma-formation by an oncogenic MDV. -KEY WORDS: apoptosis, Marek's disease, Marek's disease virus, vaccine.

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Syngeneic and allogeneic cell‐mediated cytotoxicity against marek's disease lymphoblastoid tumor cell lines

Cited by 24 publications

References 23 publications

Immunomodulation of peripheral T cells in chickens infected with Marek's disease virus: involvement in immunosuppression

Immunomodulation of peripheral T cells in chickens infected with Marek's disease virus: involvement in immunosuppression

Importance of Cell-Mediated Immunity in Marek's Disease and Other Viral Tumor Diseases

Pathogenesis of Marek's Disease(MD) and Possible Mechanisms of Immunity Induced by MD Vaccine.

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