Synopsis of arachidonic acid metabolism: A review

Hanna, Violette Said; Hafez, Ebtisam Abdel Aziz

doi:10.1016/j.jare.2018.03.005

Cited by 426 publications

(322 citation statements)

References 137 publications

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“…This is in agreement with in-vitro PEPs studies by the authors [60]. These lipid mediators are derived from arachidonic acid, an ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid that mammals directly incorporate through diet or by synthesis from linoleic acid [61]. Prostanoids, a major class of eicosanoids, modulates the inflammatory and immune responses [59].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Integrated Transcriptomics, Metabolomics, and Lipidomics Profiling in Rat Lung, Blood, and Serum for Assessment of Laser Printer-Emitted Nanoparticle Inhalation Exposure-Induced Disease Risks

Guo

Poh

Pirela

et al. 2019

IJMS

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Laser printer-emitted nanoparticles (PEPs) generated from toners during printing represent one of the most common types of life cycle released particulate matter from nano-enabled products. Toxicological assessment of PEPs is therefore important for occupational and consumer health protection. Our group recently reported exposure to PEPs induces adverse cardiovascular responses including hypertension and arrythmia via monitoring left ventricular pressure and electrocardiogram in rats. This study employed genome-wide mRNA and miRNA profiling in rat lung and blood integrated with metabolomics and lipidomics profiling in rat serum to identify biomarkers for assessing PEPs-induced disease risks. Whole-body inhalation of PEPs perturbed transcriptional activities associated with cardiovascular dysfunction, metabolic syndrome, and neural disorders at every observed time point in both rat lung and blood during the 21 days of exposure. Furthermore, the systematic analysis revealed PEPs-induced transcriptomic changes linking to other disease risks in rats, including diabetes, congenital defects, auto-recessive disorders, physical deformation, and carcinogenesis. The results were also confirmed with global metabolomics profiling in rat serum. Among the validated metabolites and lipids, linoleic acid, arachidonic acid, docosahexanoic acid, and histidine showed significant variation in PEPs-exposed rat serum. Overall, the identified PEPs-induced dysregulated genes, molecular pathways and functions, and miRNA-mediated transcriptional activities provide important insights into the disease mechanisms. The discovered important mRNAs, miRNAs, lipids and metabolites may serve as candidate biomarkers for future occupational and medical surveillance studies. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study systematically integrating in vivo, transcriptomics, metabolomics, and lipidomics to assess PEPs inhalation exposure-induced disease risks using a rat model.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Integrated Transcriptomics, Metabolomics, and Lipidomics Profiling in Rat Lung, Blood, and Serum for Assessment of Laser Printer-Emitted Nanoparticle Inhalation Exposure-Induced Disease Risks

Guo

Poh

Pirela

et al. 2019

IJMS

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“…Likewise, the expression of COX-2 increased over the time, even if less pronounced then 5-LOX. COX-2 and 5-LOX are key enzymes in arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism, mediating the production of eicosanoids (42,43). Data obtained in this study suggest that Mmm is able to modulate COX-2 and 5-LOX pathways, inducing the release of eicosanoid which are effective autocrine and paracrine bioactive mediators promoting the inflammatory cascade (44).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Pro-Inflammatory Response of Bovine Polymorphonuclear Cells Induced by Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides

et al. 2020

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Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides (Mmm) is the etiological agent of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP), one of the major diseases affecting cattle in sub-Saharan Africa. Some evidences suggest that the immune system of the host (cattle) plays an important role in the pathogenic mechanism of CBPP, but the factors involved in the process remain largely unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the cell response of bovine polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) after Mmm in vitro exposure using one step RT-qPCR and Western blotting. Data obtained indicate that gene and protein expression levels of some pro-inflammatory factors already change upon 30 min of PMNs exposure to Mmm. Of note, mRNA expression level in Mmm exposed PMNs increased in a time-dependent manner and for all time points investigated; targets expression was also detected by Western blotting in Mmm exposed PMNs only. These data demonstrate that when bovine PMN cells are triggered by Mmm, they undergo molecular changes, upregulating mRNA and protein expression of specific pro-inflammatory factors. These results provide additional information on host-pathogen interaction during CBPP infection.

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“…reported significantly lower circulating plasma levels of several PCs, and elevated lyso-PCs in RRMM compared to NDMM [27]. Hydrolysis of PCs by phospholipases generate lyso-PCs and a free fatty acid which could be further processed to generate lipid second messengers such as arachidonic acid, prostaglandins and leukotrienes [28]. These bioactive lipids play multiple roles in promoting cancer development and metastasis [29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concurrent lipidomics and proteomics on malignant plasma cells from multiple myeloma patients: Probing the lipid metabolome

Mohamed

Collins

Jiang

et al. 2019

Preprint

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17Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological malignancy characterized by the 18 clonal expansion of malignant plasma cells. Though durable remissions are possible, MM is 19 considered incurable, with relapse occurring in almost all patients. There has been limited 20 data reported on the lipid metabolism changes in plasma cells during MM progression. Here, 21we evaluated the feasibility of concurrent lipidomics and proteomics analyses from patient 22 plasma cells, and report these data on a limited number of patient samples, demonstrating the 23 feasibility of the method, and establishing hypotheses to be evaluated in the future. 24Methods: Plasma cells were purified from fresh bone marrow aspirates using CD138 25 microbeads. Proteins and lipids were extracted using a bi-phasic solvent system with 26 methanol, methyl tert-butyl ether, and water. Untargeted proteomics, untargeted and targeted 27 lipidomics were performed on 7 patient samples using liquid chromatography-mass 28 spectrometry. Two comparisons were conducted: high versus low risk; relapse versus newly 29 diagnosed. Proteins and pathways enriched in the relapsed group was compared to a public 30 transcriptomic dataset from Multiple Myeloma Research Consortium reference collection 31 (n=222) at gene and pathways level. 32Results: From one million purified plasma cells, we were able to extract material and 33 complete untargeted (~6000 and ~3600 features in positive and negative mode respectively) 34 and targeted lipidomics (313 lipids), as well as untargeted proteomics analysis (~4100 35 reviewed proteins). Comparative analyses revealed limited differences between high and low 36 risk groups (according to the standard clinical criteria), hence we focused on drawing 37 comparisons between the relapsed and newly diagnosed patients. Untargeted and targeted 38 lipidomics indicated significant down-regulation of phosphatidylcholines (PCs) in relapsed 39 MM. Although there was limited overlap of the differential proteins/transcripts, 76 40 Page 3 of 29 significantly enriched pathways in relapsed MM were common between proteomics and 41 transcriptomics data. Further evaluation of transcriptomics data for lipid metabolism network 42 revealed enriched correlation of PC, ceramide, cardiolipin, arachidonic acid and cholesterol 43 metabolism pathways to be exclusively correlated among relapsed but not in newly-44 diagnosed patients. 45 Conclusions:This study establishes the feasibility and workflow to conduct integrated 46 lipidomics and proteomics analyses on patient-derived plasma cells. Potential lipid 47 metabolism changes associated with MM relapse warrant further investigation. 48

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Synopsis of arachidonic acid metabolism: A review

Abstract: Graphical abstractSites of hydrolysis for each phospholipase (PLA1, PLA2, PLC and PLD).

Cited by 426 publications

References 137 publications

Integrated Transcriptomics, Metabolomics, and Lipidomics Profiling in Rat Lung, Blood, and Serum for Assessment of Laser Printer-Emitted Nanoparticle Inhalation Exposure-Induced Disease Risks

Integrated Transcriptomics, Metabolomics, and Lipidomics Profiling in Rat Lung, Blood, and Serum for Assessment of Laser Printer-Emitted Nanoparticle Inhalation Exposure-Induced Disease Risks

Pro-Inflammatory Response of Bovine Polymorphonuclear Cells Induced by Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides

Concurrent lipidomics and proteomics on malignant plasma cells from multiple myeloma patients: Probing the lipid metabolome

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