Synopsis of Schizanthus Ruiz & Pav. (Solanaceae), a genus endemic to the southern Andes

Abstract

We present a taxonomic synopsis of the South American genus Schizanthus Ruiz & Pav. (Solanaceae), within which we recognise seventeen taxa (14 species with three infraspecific taxa). The genus is mainly distributed in Chile between the coast of the Atacama Desert and the southern temperate forests, while two species occur in the Argentinian Provinces of Mendoza and Neuquén. This taxonomic treatment is based on the analysis of herbarium specimens from 30 different herbaria. For each accepted species we provide details of type specimens and synonymy, key characters, habitat, distribution information and presence in public or private protected areas. We also incorporate a list of representative localities from examined material. We here described three new taxa: Schizanthus porrigens Graham ex Hook. subsp. borealis V.Morales & Muñoz-Schick, subsp. nov., Schizanthus carlomunozii V.Morales & Muñoz-Schick, sp. nov. and its variety Schizanthus carlomunozii var. dilutimaculatus V.Morales & Muñoz-Schick, var. nov., all of them from the coast of Coquimbo Region. We also recognise Schizanthus litoralis Phil. var. humilis (Lindl.) V.Morales & Muñoz-Schick, comb. nov., as a new combination.

Diversity and Conservation Gap Analysis of the Solanaceae of Southern South America

“…Specific status based on recent studies and reports published after April 2019 (not included in Palchetti et al, 2020 ) has been considered. This included studies, such as the revision of the genus Schizanthus ( Morales-Fierro et al, 2020 ; Lavandero et al, 2021 ); updates in Nolana ( Hepp and Dillon, 2018 ); the Morelloid clade of Solanum in Argentina ( Knapp et al, 2020 ); cryptic species recently reported ( Moreira-Muñoz and Muñoz-Schick, 2020 ); and new Petunia and Nicotiana species ( Greppi et al, 2019 ; Santilli et al, 2021 ). After a first cleaning, data from ex situ living collections that introduced species, hybrid taxa, and records with doubtful or incomplete identification at the species level were excluded.…”

Calandrinia jompomae (MONTIACEAE), another overlooked species in the Chilean flora

“…However, the authors only cited collections in Chilean herbaria, which does not rule out the possibility that specimens as old or even much older might be found in European or US herbaria. Morales-Fierro et al (2020) revised the genus Schizanthus Ruiz & Pav. (Solanaceae) in Chile.…”