Synoptic patterns of severe hailstorm events in Spain

Dávila, Fernando de Pablo; Soriano, L. J. Rivas; Alonso, Carlos J.; García, Manuel Mora; Martín, Jesús Riesco

doi:10.1016/j.atmosres.2020.105397

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 29 publications

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“…However, a comprehensive study of hail‐producing convective systems in this region has not been made till date. Also, the hail‐producing environments have been exhaustively explored over the different parts of the world (Simeonov and Georgiev, 2003; Gascón et al ., 2015; Beal et al ., 2020; de Pablo Dávila et al ., 2021), but the environments that support the hail in this study region have not been examined, mainly due to the limited reporting stations covering the whole region. Most of the hail features in this region are associated with mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) during the premonsoon season (Choudhury et al ., 2016) with high damage potential (Chattopadhyay et al ., 2017; Raihan et al ., 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Space–time variation of large hail‐producing mesoscale convective systems over a complex terrain of the Indian subcontinent as revealed by the integrated Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission and Global Precipitation Measurement observations

Rao

Biswasharma

et al. 2023

Intl Journal of Climatology

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Space–time variation of large hail‐producing mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) is investigated over the eastern and northeastern parts of the Indian subcontinent during the premonsoon (March–April–May) season by using long‐term (1998–2020) integrated observations of Precipitation Radar and Microwave Imager onboard the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) and Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) satellites. A threshold of 37.0‐GHz polarization‐corrected temperature (≤176 K) is utilized as a hail proxy. Qualitatively, the space–time variation of satellite‐detected hailstorms is reasonably in good agreement with the available hail reports at the ground. The large hail‐producing MCSs are most frequently observed over the plains, whereas such MCSs are not found over mountains. The MCSs in April have the highest probability to contain hail though the hail‐producing MCSs are more common in May. The average morphological and microphysical properties are distinctly different for the MCSs with and without hail. Compared to the active convective cores of MCSs without hail, the hail‐producing convective cores of MCSs (a) are extended higher vertically and wider horizontally, (b) are associated with much larger area (~1,000 vs. 100 km2) occupied by radar reflectivity larger than 40 dBZ in the mixed‐phase region, and (c) are associated with larger values of cloud ice water content (CIWC; 395 vs. 153 mg·m−3) in the mixed‐phase region. The results from the high‐resolution ERA5 reanalysis data show that the hail‐producing MCSs are more sensitive to synoptic forcing than the MCSs without hail. Very strong mean sea‐level pressure anomalies over the whole northern part of India along the Himalayan foothills to the Bay of Bengal occur for the MCSs with hail days. The findings of this study will help the forecasting of these hailstorms and mitigation of their damage within this less explored region.

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