SYNOPTIC USE OF RADIATION MEASUREMENTS FROM SATELLITE TIROS II<sup>1</sup>

Fritz, Sigmund; Winston, Jay S.

doi:10.1175/1520-0493(1962)090<0001:suormf>2.0.co;2

Cited by 55 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Methods of converting longwave radiation values to cloud top heights have been shown by [7,25,16]. Although there are difficulties when dealing with high thin cirrus or scattered clouds, it is assumed that values of 0.34 Langleys per minute or below correspond, generally, to broken or overcast clouds and that regions of lowest outgoing radiation correspond to the thickest clouds or clouds of large vertical depth [15].…”

Section: Methodology Of the Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Large-scale precipitation estimates using satellite data; Application to the Indian Monsoon

Dittberner

Haar

1973

Arch. Met. Geoph. Biokl. B.

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Thirty months of continuous low resolution statellite measurements of albedo and emitted longwave radiation are used to study precipitation associated with the Indian Monsoon. Combined with rainfall data for the Indian subcontinent, the satellite data are employed to develop a precipitation intensity index. It is postulated that such an index must first adequately depict the extreme monsoon rainfall regime before it can be applied to the study of rainfall over other regions, especially those devoid of conventional precipitation measurements.Three monsoons are studied to develop the index: the 1963 monsoon, the strong 1964 monsoon and the very weak 1965 monsoon. The apparently successful quantitative measure of monsoon intensity by use of the precipitation intensity index was checked using independent data for the same region in i966 and 1969. With the aid of the index the time history of the 1964 and 1965 monsoons are examined showing how the intense cloudiness of the 1964 monsoon lingered for a number of months apparently reducing surface heating significantly preceeding the weak 1965 monsoon. This two-parameter, bi-spectral remote sensing method using satellite data can be tested for other regions using currently available satellite measurements.

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Section: Methodology Of the Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Large-scale precipitation estimates using satellite data; Application to the Indian Monsoon

Dittberner

Haar

1973

Arch. Met. Geoph. Biokl. B.

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“…For the HA of AMVs over cloudy scenes, one of the oldest methods is an EBBT method by an IR window sampling [24]. In this method, satellite radiances in the target area are first converted to EBBTs of window channels.…”

Section: B Hamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although tracers are correctly tracked, a poor HA method may reduce their representativeness when assigned to a specific altitude for assimilation into a forecast model [18], [23]. For the HA of AMVs over cloudy scenes, one of the oldest methods is the equivalent blackbody temperature (EBBT) method by an IR window sampling [24]. In this method, the EBBTs of window channels within a target are analyzed, and a mean value for the coldest pixels is used to represent the temperature at cloud top.…”

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confidence: 99%

Sensitivity of Satellite-Derived Wind Retrieval Over Cloudy Scenes to Target Selection in Tracking and Pixel Selection in Height Assignment

Park

Kim

et al. 2012

IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing

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Satellite-derived atmospheric motion vectors (AMVs) are useful in weather analyses such as for identifying tropical lows, wind shears, and jet locations. AMVs are assimilated into numerical weather prediction models, particularly for ocean areas where wind observations are sparse. An AMV's accuracy is closely related to the processes of target tracking and height assignment (HA). The objective of this paper is to investigate the sensitivity of satellite-derived wind retrieval in cloudy scenes to the main components in these processes. AMVs are retrieved by identifying and tracking targets using advanced pattern-matching techniques based on cross-correlation statistics. In tracking targets, the main components of the AMV algorithm are the target selection methods such as the target box size, the grid size, the time interval between satellite images, and the method for determining the locations of targets. This study reveals that the optimal sizes of the target and grid could be determined differently according to the channel used for wind observation. The time interval between satellite images has a significant impact on the number of vectors with high quality and high accuracy. The HA method is also an important factor in determining the AMVs' accuracy. The heights of most vectors are assigned to cloud-top pressures using the representative radiances, and the current algorithm uses the coldest pixels to set these representative radiances. The template image used for feature tracking may contain various clouds with different movements and different heights. Therefore, without any information on feature tracking, the current approach may lead to HA errors. To mitigate these HA errors, a new approach using the individual-pixel contribution rate is tested. It tends to correct the heights of the AMVs using the water vapor channel and reduces the wind speed bias and root-mean-square vector difference.Index Terms-Atmospheric motion vector (AMV), height assignment (HA), satellite-derived winds, target size.

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“…Several authors such as FRITZ and WINSTON (1962) have shown that both the surface air temperature under clear sky conditions and the cloud top temperature when the sky is covered by relatively dense clouds such as stratocumulus or altostratus can be obtained by the channel 2 radiation data.…”

Section: Cloud Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Some Aspects of the Cloud Formation and the Airmass Modification over the Japan Sea in Winter Revealed by TIROS Observation

Ninomiya¹

1966

Pap.Met.Geophy

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SYNOPTIC USE OF RADIATION MEASUREMENTS FROM SATELLITE TIROS II¹

Cited by 55 publications

References 5 publications

Large-scale precipitation estimates using satellite data; Application to the Indian Monsoon

Large-scale precipitation estimates using satellite data; Application to the Indian Monsoon

Sensitivity of Satellite-Derived Wind Retrieval Over Cloudy Scenes to Target Selection in Tracking and Pixel Selection in Height Assignment

Some Aspects of the Cloud Formation and the Airmass Modification over the Japan Sea in Winter Revealed by TIROS Observation

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SYNOPTIC USE OF RADIATION MEASUREMENTS FROM SATELLITE TIROS II1

Cited by 55 publications

References 5 publications

Large-scale precipitation estimates using satellite data; Application to the Indian Monsoon

Large-scale precipitation estimates using satellite data; Application to the Indian Monsoon

Sensitivity of Satellite-Derived Wind Retrieval Over Cloudy Scenes to Target Selection in Tracking and Pixel Selection in Height Assignment

Some Aspects of the Cloud Formation and the Airmass Modification over the Japan Sea in Winter Revealed by TIROS Observation

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SYNOPTIC USE OF RADIATION MEASUREMENTS FROM SATELLITE TIROS II¹