“…In particular, we use a two-word syntactic priming paradigm 1 to address the influence of minimal syntactic context (e.g., the determiner EIN (''the'') or the pronoun ER (''he'')) on the processing of upcoming nouns or verbs in German. A central aspect of this paradigm is that, by orthogonally manipulating the grammatical relationship between prime and target, it is possible to highlight syntactic processing while minimizing semantic confounds and working memory demands (Goodman et al, 1981;Maran et al, 2022). Previous syntactic priming manipulations focused either on the morpho-syntactic level, i.e., gender, number, and case agreement like ''she sings'' versus ''*she sing'' 2 (Carello et al, 1988;Gurjanov, Lukatela, Moskovljević, et al, 1985;Katz et al, 1987;Lukatela et al, 1982Lukatela et al, , 1983Lukatela et al, , 1987 or on the word-category level like ''she sings'' versus ''*she apple'' (Goodman et al, 1981;Seidenberg et al, 1984).…”