Syntheses of quaternary ammonium-containing, trithiocarbonate RAFT agents and hemi-telechelic cationomers

Abstract

We reported herein a facile and high-yield approach to synthesize a series of trithiocarbonate RAFT agents containing quaternary ammonium functionality in the "R-group". This new synthetic route first involves the optimized synthesis of 4-(bromomethyl)-N,N,N-trialkyl benzyl ammonium bromide compounds (Br-Ph-NR 3 , R ¼ Me, Et and Bu), which were subsequently reacted with the alkyl trithiocarbonate anion to directly produce the trithiocarbonate RAFT agent. It was found that the quaternary ammonium group partially degraded when the RAFT agents were used in polymerizations at 120 C. This issue was overcome by using lower polymerization temperature, which when combined with column chromatography, afforded high purity a-N,N,N-trialkyl benzyl ammonium hemi-telechelic cationomers.

Carbon nitride supported Ni0.5Co0.5O nanoparticles with strong interfacial interaction to enhance the hydrolysis of ammonia borane

“…A comparison of the TOF values with the literatures is also shown in the ESI Table S2. † As reported in the literatures, [19][20][21][22] the excellent catalytic performance of the hybrids could be attributed to the synergistic effect of the two metal elements and the interfacial interaction between NPs and the supporting material. However, only GO based supporting materials have been widely studied while the interfacial interaction between NPs and carbon nitride based materials has not been clearly understood yet.…”

“…A round-bottom ask with one sealed neck (25 mL) connected to a gas-collection tube was used for the hydrolysis reaction. 19,20 In a typical case, 5.0 mg catalyst powder with 2 mL deionized water was put into the ask and sonicated for 30 minutes. Then 0.5 mL AB (1 mmol mL À1 ) water solution (for Ni 0.5 Co 0.5 O-NCN, n metal : n AB ¼ 0.04 according to the ICP data) was quickly injected into the ask.…”

“…[15][16][17][18] Except for the optimized catalyst content and special reaction environments, the selection of a good substrate for the catalysts was also very important for the performance. [19][20][21][22] For example, recently we showed that GO was a good supporting material to anchor the NPs with strong interfacial interaction, which could lead to a high TOF value of 70.0 (H 2 ) mol per (Cat-metal) mol min for the hydrolysis of AB in water. 19 Currently, carbon nitride (C 3 N 4 ) is widely studied as an excellent supporting material for various energy related applications.…”

Perspective: Ionomer Research and Applications

“…These polymers could be purified by column chromatography with >95% end‐group functionality. Similarly, cationic functional initiators for NMP, atom transfer radical polymerization and chain transfer agents for RAFT polymerization have been reported …”

Evaluation of antimicrobial efficacy of quaternized poly[bis(2-chloroethyl)ether-alt-1,3-bis[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]urea] against targeted pathogenic and multi-drug-resistant bacteria

“…[21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] Among these polymers, broad-spectrum quaternary ammonium group-bearing polymers are finding widespread use as antimicrobials and have shown significantly high activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria as well as against viruses, fungi and algae as compared to their corresponding monomer/low-molecular-weight moieties due to cumulative positive charge density. 21,[29][30][31][32][33] Quaternary ammonium group compounds have the ability to disrupt the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane and fungal plasma membrane. 11,34 Quaternary ammonium compounds like polyquaternium-1 (PQ-1) used in the multipurpose disinfecting solution (Alcon, USA) reduce a wide range of common ocular pathogens.…”