The catalytic hydrogenation of a metal nitride to produce free ammonia using a rhodium hydride catalyst that promotes H 2 activation and hydrogen-atom transfer is described. The phenylimine-substituted rhodium complex (η 5 -C 5 Me 5 )Rh-( Me PhI)H ( Me PhI = N-methyl-1-phenylethan-1-imine) exhibited higher thermal stability compared to the previously reported (η 5 -C 5 Me 5 )Rh(ppy)H (ppy = 2-phenylpyridine). DFT calculations established that the two rhodium complexes have comparable Rh− H bond dissociation free energies of 51.8 kcal mol −1 for (η 5 -C 5 Me 5 )Rh( Me PhI)H and 51.1 kcal mol −1 for (η 5 -C 5 Me 5 )Rh(ppy)H. In the presence of 10 mol% of the phenylimine rhodium precatalyst and 4 atm of H 2 in THF, the manganese nitride ( tBu Salen)MnN underwent hydrogenation to liberate free ammonia with up to 6 total turnovers of NH 3 or 18 turnovers of H • transfer. The phenylpyridine analogue proved inactive for ammonia synthesis under identical conditions owing to competing deleterious hydride transfer chemistry. Subsequent studies showed that the use of a non-polar solvent such as benzene suppressed formation of the cationic rhodium product resulting from the hydride transfer and enabled catalytic ammonia synthesis by proton-coupled electron transfer.