Synthesis and applications of reactive carbohydrates. III. Preparation and methylolation of polyacrylamide‐carboxymethyl cellulose graft copolymers

Abstract

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) was treated with HCl at 8OoC for different time periods (15-60 min). The hydrolyzed CMC samples as well as the original sample were graft copolymerized with acrylamide using &qQ as initiator. It was disclosed that the increasing duration of acid hydrolysis is accompanied by a progressive increment in the copper number of CMC, meanwhile its carboxyl content decreases. Acid hydrolysis enhances significantly the susceptibility of the CMC toward grafting. The latter reduces the copper number of the hydrolyzed CMC samples most probably via conversion of the aldehydic to carboxylic groups under the action of &&Q during grafting. Grafting also reduces the carboxyl content of the original CMC sample while increasing those of the hydrolyzed CMC samples. Methylolation of the polyacrylamide-CMC graft copolymers results in reactive finishes. When the latter were applied to cotton fabric according to the conventional pad-dry-cure method followed by a thorough washing, the fabric retained ca. 86% of the finish derived from the copolymer of CMC and 92% of finishes derived from the copolymers of hydrolyzed CMC. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG:Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) wurde bei 80 "C unterschiedlich lange (15 -60 min) mit HCl behandelt. Sowohl die hydrolysierten CMC-Proben als auch die urspriingliche Probe wurden mit Acrylamid unter Verwendung von &qQ als Initiator gepfropft. Es zeigte sich, daR mit zunehmender Hydrolysezeit die Kupferzahl der CMC anstieg, wtlhrend der Carboxylgehalt dagegen abnahm. Die saure Hydrolyse erhshte die Empfindlichkeit der CMC gegeniiber Pfropfung bedeutend. Die Pfropfung redu-* Part 11: cf. ref?.

Characterization and Mechanical Properties of Cellulose-graft-Polyacrylonitrile Prepared by Using KMnO4/different Acids as Redox System

“…A number of such materials have been prepared by grafting different vinyl monomers onto starch [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] and cellulose. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14] Acrylonitrile (AN) is the most frequently tested monomer due to its highest efficiency 15,16) and possibility for further modification such as alkaline hydrolysis. 15,17) For example, the acrylonitrile grafted sample can be amidoximated to use in the metal ion adsorption [18][19][20][21] and expected to be used as antimicrobial materials.…”

Synthesis and Application of Reactive Carbohydrates. Part VI: Application of Reactive Carbohydrates Derived from Starch and Hydrolyzed Starches to Cotton Fabric

“…Research activities have recently been directed towards synthesis and application of reactive carbohydrates. Results obtained indicated the possibility of converting starch and carboxymethyl starch [l, 21 as well as carboxymethyl cellulose [3,41 to reactive carbohydrate. In essence, the carbohydrate was first grafted with acrylamide and the copolymer obtained was reacted with acrylamide to give the methylolated product which was referred to as reactive carbohydrate.…”