The pyranopyrimidine
core is a key precursor for medicinal
and
pharmaceutical industries due to its broader synthetic applications
as well as its bioavailability. Among its four possible isomers, we
found that 5H-pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidine
scaffolds have a wide range of applicability, and in recent years,
they have been intensively investigated, but the development of the
main core is found to be more challenging due to its structural existence.
In this review article, we cover all of the synthetic pathways that
are employed for the development of substituted 4-aryl-octahydropyrano/hexahydrofuro[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-one (thiones) and 5-aryl-substituted pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidindione (2-thiones) derivatives through a one-pot
multicomponent reaction using diversified hybrid catalysts such as
organocatalysts, metal catalysts, ionic liquid catalysts, nanocatalysts,
green solvents, catalyst-/solvent-free conditions, and miscellaneous
catalysts as well as the mechanism and recyclability of the catalysts.
This review mainly focuses on the application of hybrid catalysts
(from 1992 to 2022) for the synthesis of 5H-pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidine scaffolds. This review will definitely attract
the world’s leading researchers to utilize broader catalytic
applications for the development of lead molecules.