A series of open-framework aluminoborates (ABOs) [M(dien)(2)][AlB(6)O(11)(OH)] (M=Co (I a), Ni (I b), Cd (I c), Zn (I d); dien=diethylenetriamine) and [M(en)(3)][AlB(7)O(12)(OH)(2)] (H(2)O)(0.25) (M=Co (II a), Ni (II b); en=ethylenediamine) have been made under hydrothermal conditions and characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, UV/Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and nonlinear optical determination. These compounds were classified as two structural types: Type I (I a-d) contains AlO(4) tetrahedra and B(6)O(11)(OH) clusters, which link to form a new 3D framework with 7-/9-ring helical channels and large 13-ring channels; whereas type II (II a,b) is composed of AlO(4) tetrahedra, chainlike B(4)O(6)(OH)(2) tetramer, and crablike B(6)O(12) clusters, which interconnect to form other new 3D frameworks with 8-ring helical channels, rare 16-ring double-helical channels, and larger odd 15-ring channels. These compounds represent the first examples of 3D ABOs templated by transition-metal complexes (TMCs). I c,d present good second harmonic generation (SHG) properties. UV/Vis spectral investigation indicates that I a-d and II a,b are wide-band-gap semiconductors.