Synthesis and Characterization of a Molecularly Designed High‐Performance Organodisulfide as Cathode Material for Lithium Batteries

Shadike, Zulipiya; Lee, Hung-Sui; Tian, Chuanjin; Sun, Ke; Song, Lihong; Hu, Enyuan; Waluyo, Iradwikanari; Hunt, Adrian; Ghose, Sanjit; Hu, Yongfeng; Zhou, Jigang; Wang, Jian; Northrup, Paul; Bak, Seong‐Min; Yang, Xiao‐Qing

doi:10.1002/aenm.201900705

Cited by 39 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…After 1000 cycles, the capacity remained at 35.6 mA h g –1 , maintaining a high capacity retention of 84.9%, indicating an excellent cycling performance at an ultrahigh current density. The superior rate performance and stability could be attributed to the fast redox kinetics of quinone groups, resulting in good diffusion kinetics of the large Pyr 14 + cation, which has been confirmed in the previous literature. , In addition, the electrochemical activation process could contribute to the outstanding cycle stability of the IL-DIB.…”

Section: Results and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

An Ultrahigh Rate Ionic Liquid Dual-Ion Battery Based on a Poly(anthraquinonyl sulfide) Anode

Fang

Zheng

et al. 2020

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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Owing to the high theoretical capacity, sustainability, and flexible structure, organic electrode materials have been considered as a promising option for rechargeable batteries. Hence, an organic polymer molecule, poly(anthraquinonyl sulfide) (PAQS), is introduced as the anode material for a pure ionic liquid dual-ion battery (IL-DIB). Interestingly, the battery shows excellent rate performance; even at 120 C, the capacity could reach 41.9 mA h g −1 , and a maximum discharged capacity of 101.0 mA h g −1 is obtained at a rate of 10 C. Moreover, the properties of the battery that is charged at a high rate (40 C) and discharged at a low rate (2 C) are tested, revealing a considerable capacity (51.7 mA h g −1 ) and high energy efficiency (over 97%). In addition, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) characterization demonstrate that both the KS6 cathode and the PAQS anode remain in their original structure well after 300 cycles. Consequently, the KS6/PAQS IL-DIB shows great potential as a supercharged energy storage device for electric vehicles, mobile phones, and laptops.

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Section: Results and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

An Ultrahigh Rate Ionic Liquid Dual-Ion Battery Based on a Poly(anthraquinonyl sulfide) Anode

Fang

Zheng

et al. 2020

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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“…DCN has a more extended conjugated structure and could form a more rigid polymer than DCB. This would endow DCN with more excellent performance (such as rate capability) [29] . In addition, to further demonstrate the superiority of in‐situ electro‐polymerization strategy, poly(2,6‐bis(carbazol‐9‐yl)naphthalene) (PDCN) as the control sample was also synthesized before cell assembly by traditional chemical oxidative polymerization and its electrochemical performance was investigated as well.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Monomer Molecular Structure for Polymer Electrodes Fabricated through in‐situ Electro‐Polymerization Strategy

et al. 2021

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In‐situ electro‐polymerization of redox‐active monomers has been proved to be a novel and facile strategy to prepare polymer electrodes with superior electrochemical performance. The monomer molecular structure would have a profound impact on electro‐polymerization behavior and thus electrochemical performance. However, this impact is poorly understood and has barely been investigated yet. Herein, three carbazole‐based monomers, 9‐phenylcarbazole (CB), 1,4‐bis(carbazol‐9‐yl)benzene (DCB), and 2,6‐bis(carbazol‐9‐yl)naphthalene (DCN), were applied to study the above issue systematically and achieve excellent long cycle performance. The monomers were rationally designed with different polymerizable sites and solubilities. It was found that a monomer with increased polymerizable sites and decreased solubility brought about enhanced electrochemical performance. This is because poor solubility could enhance utilization of the monomer for polymerization and more polymerizable sites could lead to a stable crosslinked polymer network after electro‐polymerization. DCN with four polymerizable sites and the poorest solubility displayed the best electrochemical performance, which showed stable cycling up to 5000 cycles with high capacity retention of 76.2 % (among the best cycle in the literature). Our work for the first time reveals the relationship between monomer structure and in‐situ electro‐polymerization behavior. This work could shed light on the structure design/optimization of monomers for high‐performance polymer electrodes prepared through in‐situ electro‐polymerization.

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“…To date, a large family of organic cathode materials incorporating various redox‐active functional groups have been developed, which have been well summarized in several recent comprehensive reviews. [ 10–16 ] The predominant redox‐active functional groups reported thus far include carbonyl (CO) functionalities, [ 8,9,17–25 ] imine (CN) functionalities, [ 26–29 ] disulfides (SS), [ 30–33 ] radicals, [ 34–39 ] and azo (NN), [ 40–42 ] with the first two types most heavily focused on. Despite the significant progress, the majority of organic cathode materials developed to date, however, still has restricted specific capacity (generally <300 mAh g −1 ), energy density (<750 Wh kg −1 for LIBs), and/or cycle life.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitroaromatics as High‐Energy Organic Cathode Materials for Rechargeable Alkali‐Ion (Li⁺, Na⁺, and K⁺) Batteries

Liu

2020

Advanced Energy Materials

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Cathode materials are vital to the performance of alkali-ion batteries. Inorganic transitional metal oxides with insertion chemistry, such as LiCoO 2 , LiFePO 4 , and LiNi x Co y Mn 1−x−y O 2 , have been the predominant cathode materials in conventional LIBs. Constructed with heavy metallic elements, conventional inorganic cathode materials typically have restricted specific energy capacity (theoretical: <300 mAh g −1) with little room for further improvements. [1,2] Meanwhile, their applicability in SIBs and KIBs is often hindered due to kinetic and stability issues, where their rigid lattice structures can restrict diffusion/storage of Na + and K + ions of larger sizes than Li +. [7] In addition, produced from minerals with limited availabilities, the use of inorganic cathode materials is neither sustainable nor environmentally benign. In this regard, organic cathode materials have recently attracted increasing attention. Relative to conventional inorganic cathode materials, they show distinct advantages, including higher theoretical capacity due to their construction from abundant light elements, structural diversity with tunable electrochemical properties, rational synthesis from sustainable stocks and low costs. In addition, their less-rigid structures are beneficial for the storage and mobility of larger-sized Na + and K + ions. [8,9] With organic materials, energy storage is achieved through the reversible reaction of alkali ions with their redox-active functional groups. To date, a large family of organic cathode materials incorporating various redox-active functional groups have been developed, which have been well summarized in several recent comprehensive reviews. [10-16] The predominant redoxactive functional groups reported thus far include carbonyl (CO) functionalities, [8,9,17-25] imine (CN) functionalities, [26-29] disulfides (SS), [30-33] radicals, [34-39] and azo (NN), [40-42] with the first two types most heavily focused on. Despite the significant progress, the majority of organic cathode materials developed to date, however, still has restricted specific capacity (generally <300 mAh g −1), energy density (<750 Wh kg −1 for LIBs), and/or cycle life. [10-16] It is thus imperative to explore and discover new redox functionalities that render higher-energy multielectron organic cathode materials with high cyclic stability. We report in this work a new group of nitroaromatic compounds, para-, ortho-, and meta-dinitrobenzene (p-, o-, and m-DNB, respectively) containing dual two-electron accepting nitro groups, as reversible high-energy multielectron organic cathode Organic cathode materials with existing redox functionalities are attracting increasing attention for rechargeable alkali-ion batteries due to their high theoretical gravimetric capacity, molecular diversity, and sustainability. However, they are still restricted in specific capacity and energy density. The discovery of new multielectron redox-active functionalities that can impart significantly enhanced capacity and energy density i...

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Synthesis and Characterization of a Molecularly Designed High‐Performance Organodisulfide as Cathode Material for Lithium Batteries

Abstract: An innovative organodisulfide compound,

Cited by 39 publications

References 41 publications

An Ultrahigh Rate Ionic Liquid Dual-Ion Battery Based on a Poly(anthraquinonyl sulfide) Anode

An Ultrahigh Rate Ionic Liquid Dual-Ion Battery Based on a Poly(anthraquinonyl sulfide) Anode

Optimization of Monomer Molecular Structure for Polymer Electrodes Fabricated through in‐situ Electro‐Polymerization Strategy

Nitroaromatics as High‐Energy Organic Cathode Materials for Rechargeable Alkali‐Ion (Li⁺, Na⁺, and K⁺) Batteries

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Synthesis and Characterization of a Molecularly Designed High‐Performance Organodisulfide as Cathode Material for Lithium Batteries

Abstract: An innovative organodisulfide compound,

Cited by 39 publications

References 41 publications

An Ultrahigh Rate Ionic Liquid Dual-Ion Battery Based on a Poly(anthraquinonyl sulfide) Anode

An Ultrahigh Rate Ionic Liquid Dual-Ion Battery Based on a Poly(anthraquinonyl sulfide) Anode

Optimization of Monomer Molecular Structure for Polymer Electrodes Fabricated through in‐situ Electro‐Polymerization Strategy

Nitroaromatics as High‐Energy Organic Cathode Materials for Rechargeable Alkali‐Ion (Li+, Na+, and K+) Batteries

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Product

Resources

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Nitroaromatics as High‐Energy Organic Cathode Materials for Rechargeable Alkali‐Ion (Li⁺, Na⁺, and K⁺) Batteries