Synthesis and Characterization of a New Nanocatalyst Based on Keggin-Type Polyoxovanadate/Nickel-Zinc Oxide, PV₁₄/NiZn₂O₄, as a Potential Material for Deep Oxidative Desulfurization of Fuels

Abstract

On account of the undesirable sulfur compounds in gasoline, a new heterogeneous catalyst (PV14/NiZn2O4) was synthesized successfully by immobilizing Keggin-type polyoxovanadate (K9[PV14O42]·11H2O) (abbreviated as PV14) on the surface of nickel-zinc oxide (NiZn2O4). The physicochemical characteristics of the nanocomposite as well as its individual constituents were identified by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), and thermogravimetric analysis-differential thermogravimetry (TGA-DTG) techniques. The characterization outcomes indicated that PV14 was uniformly dispersed over the surface of NiZn2O4. The PV14/NiZn2O4 nanocatalyst was served for catalytic oxidative desulfurization (Cat-ODS) of sulfur compounds in real gasoline and model fuel oils (MFOs) with 3 mL of H2O2/AcOH oxidizing agent (volume ratio of 2:1). The optimum conditions for the Cat-ODS process were obtained using 0.1 g of the PV14/NiZn2O4 nanocatalyst at 35 °C after 60 min under atmospheric pressure. Based on the experimental results described above, it was observed that the total concentration of sulfur present in authentic gasoline underwent a substantial reduction from 0.4987 to 0.0143 wt %, denoting an efficiency of 96%. Moreover, the elimination of sulfur from MFOs, which are difficult to remove, could reach up to 95% at the same reaction conditions. Furthermore, the catalytic efficacy of PV14/NiZn2O4 was sustained for five cycles, without any notable reduction in its performance. Finally, the mechanism of Cat-ODS was proposed through the generation of oxo–peroxo intermediate species.

Design of a new nanocomposite based on Keggin-type [ZnW12O40]6− anionic cluster anchored on NiZn2O4 ceramics as a promising material towards the electrocatalytic hydrogen storage

“…According to the data presented in Fig. 4 a, the prominent diffraction peaks observed at 2θ = 31.5, 34.3, 36.1, 43.1, 47.7, 56.8, 62.9, 68.1, and 69.0° can be attributed to the crystallographic planes denoted as (100), (002), (400), (102), (200), (110), (103), (112), and (201) within the hexagonal phase of NiZn 2 O 4 36 , 37 . Furthermore, there are prominent diffraction peaks observed at angles of 2θ = 8.3°, 11.8°, 18.8°, 20.5°, 23.8°, 2.26°, 28.5°, 30.3°, 33.8°, 34.8°, 36.9°, 40.6°, 41.2°, 45.9°, 48.4°, 50.3°, 57.4°, 58.7°, 60.0°, 66.4°, and 73.7°, which correspond to the crystal planes of (100), (110), (211), (220), (310), (311), (321), (320), (400), (420), (421), (511), (432), (442), (620), (541), (711), (633), (722), (653), and (842) (Fig.…”

A Facile Route Preparation of Fe3O4/MWCNT/ZnO/PANI Nanocomposite and its Characterization for Enhanced Microwave Absorption Properties

“…The XRD peaks in a nanocomposite can indeed provide valuable information about the formation of its components and also offer insights into the crystallite size of the corresponding materials. The Scherrer formula, as depicted in the following equations, is commonly used to estimate the crystallite size based on XRD data: [27,28]…”

Design of a new nanocomposite based on Keggin-type [ZnW 12 O 40 ] 6– anionic cluster anchored on NiZn 2 O 4 ceramics as a promising material towards the electrocatalytic hydrogen storage

“…According to the data presented in Figure 5a, the prominent diffraction peaks observed at 2θ = 31.5, 34.3, 36.1, 43.1, 47.7, 56.8, 62.9, 68.1, and 69.0° can be attributed to the crystallographic planes denoted as (100), (002), (400), (102), ( 200), ( 110), ( 103), (112), and (201) within the hexagonal phase of NiZn2O4. 36,37 110), ( 211), ( 220), (310), (311), (321), (320), (400), (420), ( 421), ( 511), ( 432), ( 442), (620), ( 541), ( 711), ( 633), ( 722), (653), and (842) (Figure 5b). 38 These peaks are indicative of the presence of potassium zinc tungsten oxide and suggest the existence of Keggin-type [ZnW12O40] 6species, as confirmed by the JCDD card No.…”