Synthesis and characterization of a novel organic–inorganic hybrid salt and its application as a highly effectual Brønsted–Lewis acidic catalyst for the production of N,N′‐alkylidene bisamides

Abstract

In this research, a novel organic-inorganic hybrid salt, namely, N 1 ,N 1 ,N 2 ,N 2-tetramethyl-N 1 ,N 2-bis(sulfo)ethane-1,2-diaminium tetrachloroferrate ([TMBSED] [FeCl 4 ] 2) was prepared and characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), elemental mapping, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal gravimetric (TG), differential thermal gravimetric (DTG), and vibrating-sample magnetometry (VSM) analyses. Catalytic activity of the hybrid salt was tested for the synthesis of N,N 0-alkylidene bisamides through the reaction of benzamide (2 eq.) and aromatic aldehydes (1 eq.) under solvent-free conditions in which the products were obtained in high yields and short reaction times. The catalyst was superior to many of the reported catalysts in terms of two or more of these factors: the reaction medium and temperature, yield, time, and turnover frequency (TOF). [TMBSED][FeCl 4 ] 2 is a Brønsted-Lewis acidic catalyst; there are two SO 3 H groups (as Brønsted acidic sites) and two tetrachloroferrate anions (as Lewis acidic sites) in its structure. Highly effectiveness of the catalyst for the synthesis of N,N 0-alkylidene bisamides can be attributed to synergy of the Brønsted and Lewis acids and also possessing two sites of each acid.

Organic–inorganic hybrid salt and mixed ligand Cr(III) complexes containing the natural flavonoid chrysin: Synthesis, characterization, computational, and biological studies

“…However, the bioavailability and efficacy of Cr(III) are dependent on the ligands that chelate to chromium ions ( Peng and Yang, 2015 ; Ulas et al, 2015 ) as the specific ligand environment around Cr(III) could affect the biological activity and bioavailability of chromium ( Ahmad et al, 2012 ; Peng and Yang, 2015 ). However, organic–inorganic hybrid salts of chromium show promising applications as functional materials in various fields, such as catalysis, magnetism, medicine, cancer therapy, luminescence, conductivity, material science, and industrial applications ( Ndong et al, 2020 ; Zare et al, 2021 ).…”