Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Mucoadhesive Derivative of Psyllium Seed Polysaccharide

Abstract

Objective: In the present study, thiol-functionalization of psyllium seed polysaccharide (PSY) was cross-linked with thioglycolic acid by esterification in an attempt to reveal the mucoadhesive properties of thiolated psyllium seed polysaccharide (TPSY). Methods:The crosslinking was carried out by the microwave-assisted method. A simplex centroid design was employed to systematically study the mucoadhesive strength, mucoadhesive retention time and drug release profile. Comparative evaluation of carbopol-based ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (HCl) tablets containing PSY and TPSY was carried out. Acute oral toxicity studies and repeated oral toxicity for TPSY were also conducted.Results: Thiol-functionalization was confirmed by-SH stretch in Fourier Transform infra-red spectra at 2353 cm -1 . Thiolation was observed in thiolated PSY (TPSY) by a change in the surface morphology of psyllium from fibrous to granular and resulted in 82 %swelling in deionized water. TPSY was found to contain 102.35 mmol of thiol groups/g as determined by the Ellman's method. The percent increase in mucoadhesive strength of TPSY was found to be 50.31 % as compared to PSY and 128.30 % as compared to carbopol. The percent increase in mucoadhesive retention time of TPSY was found to be 110 % as compared to PSY and 50 % as compared to carbopol. Conclusion:Mucoadhesion strength and mucoadhesive retention time were greater of tablets containing a higher amount of TPSY. Further, the acute oral toxicity studies and repeated oral toxicity for TPSY proved it as non-toxic and hence safe for human use.

Effects of psyllium and cellulose fibres on thermal, structural, and in vitro digestion behaviour of wheat starch

“…1). Psyllium fibre showed a broad peak at 2θ of 19.7° of less intensity (Bajpai et al ., 2015; Rao et al ., 2017; Kumar et al ., 2019). The evident halo pattern in the diffractograms was indicative of the amorphous nature of psyllium.…”

Mastic-G-Poly (Acrylamide): Microwave-Assisted Synthesis and Characterisation

“…21) showed a change in surface morphology after grafting. The more roughness and unevenness on the surface of grafted gum due to the deposition of acrylamide was clearly visible [26,27].…”

Gum Karaya-G-Poly (Acrylamide): Microwave Assisted Synthesis, Optimisation and Characterisation

“…18b). The change in surface morphology was clearly revealed by scanning electron micrographs, which showed that more unevenness and roughness due to the deposition of acrylamide on the surface of karaya gum [32][33][34][35].…”