Synthesis and characterization of a ferrocene‐modified, polyaniline‐like conducting polymer

Abstract

A novel monomer called 1,1′‐ferrocenediacyl anilide (FcA) was synthesized from ferrocene (Fc). Copolymerization was carried out between FcA and aniline (ANI) by an electrochemical method. The novel monomer and copolymer were characterized with 1H‐NMR, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) spectroscopy. The hydrogen protons of the benzene ring were moved to a low field in 1H‐NMR, and the absorption band of NQN (where Q is the quinoid ring) appeared in the FTIR spectrum of the polymer. The peaks of both Fc and the π–π* electronic transition in the UV–vis spectra were redshifted. The results indicate that the copolymer mainly existed as a highly delocalized conjugated system. X‐ray diffraction analysis established further proof, and the process of electrochemical deposition was observed by scanning electron microscopy. The optimal synthesis conditions of the copolymer were determined through changes in the monomer molar ratios and the scan rate. The ideal performance of the copolymer was gained when the monomer molar ratio between FcA and ANI was 1:4 and the scan rate was 50 mV/s. Furthermore, the electrochemical performances were tested in detail by cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge–discharge testing, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results show that the specific capacitance of poly(1,1′‐ferrocenediacyl anilide‐co‐aniline) increased up to 433.1 F/g at 0.5 A/g, the diffusion resistance was very small, and the durability was good enough. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43217.

Highly Selective Recovery of Phosphorus from Wastewater via Capacitive Deionization Enabled by Ferrocene-polyaniline-Functionalized Carbon Nanotube Electrodes

“…The synthesis process of ferrocene-polyaniline-functionalized carbon nanotubes (Fc-PANI/CNTs) is shown in Figure S1. First, 1,1′-ferrocene dicarbonyl chloride was prepared via an acylating chlorination process, and 1,1′-ferrocenediacyl anilide was synthesized by the amidation reaction between 1,1′-ferrocene dicabonyl chloride and aniline . A solution of 13.7 g (50 mmol) of 1,1′-ferrocenedicarboxylic acid in 100 mL of benzene was added dropwise to 25.386 g (200 mmol) of oxalyl chloride.…”

Composites and Copolymers Containing Redox-Active Molecules and Intrinsically Conducting Polymers as Active Masses for Supercapacitor Electrodes—An Introduction

“…Li and Zheng copolymerized chemically aniline and 1,1-ferrocenediacyl anilide [89,90] with ferrocene units in the molecular chain. Displayed CVs seem to suggest only minor contributions of redox activity from the ferrocene unit; the copolymer combined with reduced graphene oxide rGO in turn provided only minor charge storage contributions.…”

Enhanced dielectric properties, thermal stability and ammonia sensing performance of poly(diphenylamine)/zinc oxide nanocomposites via one step polymerization

“…rely on their fascinating physicochemical properties. Polyaniline (PANI), polyindole (PIN), polythiophene (PT) and polypyrrole (PPy) are the commonly used conducting polymers 1–6 . Among them, PANI has gained much attention owing to its cost‐effectiveness, feasibility in fabrication, higher thermal stability, electrical conductivity and so forth 7 .…”