Synthesis and characterization of activated carbon fibers from Kevlar

Giraldo, Liliana; Ladino, Yolanda; Pirajánc, J.C M.; Rodríguez, M. P.

doi:10.1590/s0100-46702007000400008

Cited by 23 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The dehydration and oxidation characteristics of chemical activation agent require much lower activation temperature compare to physical activation 4 . A comparative study of chemical (H3PO4) and physical activation using biomass fiber as AC has been reported 5 . The research found that the surface area recorded by physical activation was slightly higher than chemical activat ion but lower in term of yield production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Characterization of Activated Carbon Produced from Kenaf Core Fiber Using H3PO4 Activation

2016

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Kenaf core fiber (KF) which is an agricultural biomass was used to produce low-cost activated carbon using acidic chemical activating agent. The aim of this study is to find out the changes occuring in kenaf core fiber during activation with phosphoric acid (H3PO4). The surface area of the formed phosphoric acid treated kenaf core fiber activated carbon (KFAC) was determined by physical adsorption of N2 gas. Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET) surface area, and micropore volume values were 299.02 m 2 /g and 0.12 cm 3 /g, respectively. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscope analysis identified the present of carbonyls, alkenes and hydroxyls. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) image showed gradual formation of pores due to elimination of volatiles and contaminants. Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicated the appearance of broad diffraction background revealed predominantly amorphous structure. The proximate and ultimate analysis showed high percentage of carbon and low percentage of ash which is an indication of a good material for production of porous carbon.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Characterization of Activated Carbon Produced from Kenaf Core Fiber Using H3PO4 Activation

2016

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“…The transformation takes place with mass loss of only 2.15%: The minimum endothermic peak at the temperature of 335 °C is caused by the occurrence of the pyrolysis phenomenon (disintegration, deterioration) of the material base matrix, lignin, of up to 90%. Additionally, as expected during this transformation, there is a significant mass loss of 82.77%; At a temperature of 577 °C, there is a transformation that takes place with heat absorption and most likely is due to the decomposition and carbonization of a constituent element of the material, most probably an additive; At the same time, it can be seen that the residual mass (carbon) resulting from the pyrolysis of the lignin matrix is closely related to the percentage of lignin; the type of lignin molecule may have a greater or lesser number of carbon atoms; On the thermogravimetric curve of the Arboform ® LV3 Nature reinforced with aramid fibers, Figure 12 , the following can be observed: At a temperature of 334 °C, an endothermic maximum is visible, which is attributed to the almost complete pyrolysis of the base material, with a mass loss in percentage of 83.67%; Another important weight loss of 2.24% is visible in the temperature range of 546–584 °C and is caused by the decomposition of a constituent of the biopolymer but also by the significant degradation of aramid fibers [ 33 , 34 ] used as material for reinforcing the Arbform ® V3 Nature biopolymer; At the end of the thermogravimetric analysis, at 700 °C, a residual mass of 10.55% remains, which can be largely associated with the lignin bonds that resisted up to this temperature but also with the aramid fibers which, according to the literature, degrade completely between the temperature of 700 and 900 °C, [ 34 , 35 ]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the end of the thermogravimetric analysis, at 700 °C, a residual mass of 10.55% remains, which can be largely associated with the lignin bonds that resisted up to this temperature but also with the aramid fibers which, according to the literature, degrade completely between the temperature of 700 and 900 °C, [ 34 , 35 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Mechanical Analysis and Thermal Expansion of Lignin-Based Biopolymers

Mazurchevici

Vaideanu

Rapp³

et al. 2021

Polymers

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Biodegradable materials investigation has become a necessity and a direction for many researchers worldwide. The main goal is to find sustainable alternatives which gradually replace plastics based on fossil resources from the market, because they are very harmful to the environment and to overall quality of life. In order to get to the stage of obtaining different functional parts from biodegradable materials, it is necessary to study their properties. Taking into account these shortcomings, this paper aims at the mechanical characterization (DMA—Dynamic Mechanical Analysis) and thermal degradation (thermogravimetric analysis (TGA)) of lignin-based biopolymers: Arboform LV3 Nature®, Arboblend® V2 Nature, and Arbofill® Fichte Arboform® LV3 Nature reinforced with aramid fibers. The tested samples were obtained by using the most common fabrication technique for polymers—injection molding. The obtained results for the DMA analysis showed separate polymeric-specific regions for each material and, based on the tanδ values between (0.37–0.54), a series of plastics could be proposed for replacement. The mechano-dynamic behavior could be correlated with the thermal expansion of biopolymers for temperatures higher than 50/55 °C, which are thermally stable up to temperatures of at least 250 °C.

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“…They performed two vigorous heat treatment steps to stabilize, carbonize and activate the fiber. Giraldo et al [27] used Kevlar [poly (p-phenilylene terephtalamide)] fiber to prepare ACF. They used three heat treatment steps, including both steam and CO 2 activation at around 1000°C.…”

Section: A R C H I V E O F S I Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Procedure for Preparation of Semi-activated Carbon Fiber without any Treatment under High Temperature

Saeidi

Lotfollahi

2014

IJE

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A procedure for preparing the semi-activated carbon fiber (SACF) at low temperature is proposed. The first step of the procedure is coating of an inorganic fiber (E-glass fiber) by an adsorbent mixture (powder activated carbon) using methyl cellulose and water as gluing material. In this work, a set of experiments were performed to attain appropriate adsorbent mixture for good quality coating. The best composition was investigated based on the adsorption and the mechanical properties of the coated fibers. The results showed that an adsorbent mixture containing 3 to 4 wt% of methyl cellulose, and 15-20 wt% of activated carbon renders good quality coating. The adsorption property of the coated fibers was studied by determination of iodine number for the adsorbent mixture. In this work, the weight percent of the coated adsorbent mixture on the fibers have also been measured and reported. The mechanical properties were examined by flow of air through a packing of the coated fibers. BET surface area of the samples was also examined and compared to other reported works. The results showed that the surfaces area of the samples were either equal to or higher than other disclosed works. In order to test the weight loss of the coated fibers, the weight of packing was measured after 20, 40 and 60 min flowing of air through the packing. The weight loss in all cases was very low (up to 0.001 g); thus good quality of coating was occurred.

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Synthesis and characterization of activated carbon fibers from Kevlar

Cited by 23 publications

References 10 publications

Synthesis and Characterization of Activated Carbon Produced from Kenaf Core Fiber Using H3PO4 Activation

Synthesis and Characterization of Activated Carbon Produced from Kenaf Core Fiber Using H3PO4 Activation

Dynamic Mechanical Analysis and Thermal Expansion of Lignin-Based Biopolymers

A Procedure for Preparation of Semi-activated Carbon Fiber without any Treatment under High Temperature

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