Synthesis and characterization of biodiesel from Aamla oil: A promoting non-edible oil source for bioenergy industry

Ullah, Kifayat; Ahmad, Mushtaq; Sofia,; Qureshi, Fahim Ashraf; Qamar, Raheel; Sharma, Vinod Kumar; Sultana, Shazia; Zafar, Muhammad

doi:10.1016/j.fuproc.2015.01.013

Cited by 40 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…But, it has been observed it was noted during the first three stages of reaction series that the performance remains consistent however in the fourth stage of reaction decrease in the yield of biofuel to some extent was observed. Molina (Ullah et al, 2015a) observed in the initial two stages 95% yield, but in the third stage of reactions the yield was decreased.…”

Section: Effect Of Catalyst Concentration On Conversion Yieldmentioning

confidence: 92%

Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Biofuel From Cocklebur sp., Using Zinc Oxide Nano-Particle: A Novel Energy Crop for Bioenergy Industry

Ullah

Jan

Ahmad

et al. 2020

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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This study is reporting the biofuel synthesis and characterization from the novel nonedible feedstock cocklebur seeds oil. The Cocklebur crop seeds oil was studied as a potential source for biofuel production based on the chemical, structural and fuel properties analysis. The oil expression and FFAs content in cocklebur crop was reported 37.2% and 0.47 gram KOH/g, using soxhlet apparatus and acid base titration method, respectively. The maximum conversion and yield of the cocklebur crop seeds non-edible oil to biofuel was pursued 93.33%, using transesterification process. The optimum protocol for maximum conversion yield was adjusted: 1:7 oil-methanol molar ratios, ZnO nano-particle concentration 0.2 gm (w/w), reaction temperature 60 • C, and reaction time 45 min, respectively. ZnO nano-particle was prepared by a modified sol-gel method, using gelatin and the particle was XRD, TEM, XPS, and UV-vis spectroscopies. Qualitatively, the cocklebur crop synthesized biofuel was quantified and structurally characterized by GC/MS, FT-IR, NMR, and AAS spectroscopies. Quantitatively, the fuel properties of cocklebur crop biofuel was analyzed and compared with the international ASTM and EN standards.

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Section: Effect Of Catalyst Concentration On Conversion Yieldmentioning

confidence: 92%

Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Biofuel From Cocklebur sp., Using Zinc Oxide Nano-Particle: A Novel Energy Crop for Bioenergy Industry

Ullah

Jan

Ahmad

et al. 2020

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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“…The fact is that three-fourths of the world's proven oil reserves are in just seven countries, namely Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Russia, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates and Venezuela [26] and the persistent volatility of world market oil prices, concerns over the reliability of future supplies. Most of the developing countries are dependent for their energy needs and importing fuel from other countries in high prices.…”

Section: Energy Securitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The biofuel crops can be cultivated on wastelands which can be made suitable for plantation purpose. This can create economic opportunities in rural areas [26,2,6].…”

Section: Socio Economic Benefitmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The net CO 2 emission of burning a biofuel like ethanol is zero since the CO 2 emitted on combustion is equal to that absorbed from the atmosphere by photosynthesis during the growth of the plant. Life cycle analysis, from well to wheels, shows that ethanol has the lowest CO 2 emission among the major transportation fuels [26,13].…”

Section: Environmental Benefitmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Straw is often incorporated in soil to protect against soil erosion, as fertilizer, and soil structure improver. Straw is used for crop protection, mainly in cold climates when they are left in the ground during winter [26]. Straw for surface mulching is also a valuable option for controlling soil erosion in combination with no or conservative tillage.…”

Section: Competing Uses For Agro Residuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing the lignocellulosic biomass resources potential in developing countries: A critical review

Ullah

Sharma

Dhingra

et al. 2015

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

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139

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Esterification effect on the recovery of vitamin E from palm oil refining residues by molecular distillation

da Silva,

Maziero,

Ballus

et al. 2023

Can J Chem Eng

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Waste edible oils are an alternative source of high‐value natural compounds. Vitamin E can be recovered from palm oil refining residues by molecular distillation. However, the presence of other lipophilic molecules compromises the selective separation of vitamin E. Esterification of the free fatty acids can enhance the selective separation of vitamin E by molecular distillation, but the conditions for carrying out the reaction need to be investigated to simultaneously ensure the conversion of free fatty acids and the reduction of vitamin E losses. Thus, this study investigated the effect of the esterification of the industrial waste on the recovery of vitamin E by molecular distillation. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and analysis for fats and oils preconized by the American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS) were used in the characterization of the industrial waste. Determination of the best condition to carry out the reaction was obtained by a central composite rotational design (CCRD) using the response surface methodology (RSM) and the desirability profile. The results showed that the best condition for the esterification was at 64°C, 213 min, 2 wt.% sulphuric acid, and a 10/1 methanol/free fatty acids molar ratio. This reaction condition achieved 97.9% conversion of free fatty acids and less than 3% of vitamin E loss. The esterification promoted concentration of vitamin E in the residue stream (145.4%) and reduction in the distillate stream (87.8%). Therefore, the obtained results presented a suitable route to obtaining vitamin E concentrate and adding value to an industrial residue.

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Synthesis and characterization of biodiesel from Aamla oil: A promoting non-edible oil source for bioenergy industry

Cited by 40 publications

References 35 publications

Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Biofuel From Cocklebur sp., Using Zinc Oxide Nano-Particle: A Novel Energy Crop for Bioenergy Industry

Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Biofuel From Cocklebur sp., Using Zinc Oxide Nano-Particle: A Novel Energy Crop for Bioenergy Industry

Assessing the lignocellulosic biomass resources potential in developing countries: A critical review

Esterification effect on the recovery of vitamin E from palm oil refining residues by molecular distillation

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