Synthesis and Characterization of Bionanomaterials and Evaluation of Their Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and DNA Cleavage Activities

Abstract

In this study, the hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) (1), polylevodopa (P-L(DP) (2), P-L(DP) coated hBN (hBN@P(L-DP)) (3), and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) decorated hBN@P(L-DP) (hBN@P(L-DP)-AgNPs) (4) were synthesized and characterized by multiple spectroscopic techniques. Additionally, their biological properties such as antioxidant, antibacterial, and DNA cleavage activities were determined. It is worth noting that, products 3 and 4 were newly synthesized structures. The antioxidant activities of all the nanomaterials 1, 2, 3, and 4 nanomaterials were investigated using some tests such as DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging and reducing power ability. Among the synthesized nanomaterials, product 2 exhibited the highest radical scavenging (64.8 � 1.94 %) and reducing power activity (0.61 � 0.017) at a concentration of 200 mg L À 1 . Product 4 was determined to have antibacterial activity against all three Gram-positive and three Gram-negative test bacteria. In addition, all the nanomaterials were tested for cleavage activity using pBR 322 plasmid DNA, as a result of which it was determined that only product 4 showed the ability of cleavage from both chains of DNA.

Nano-engineered 2D hBN-Based Materials for Environmental and Healthcare Applications

“…Metal nanoparticles have been of particular interest because of their wide range of functionality, size, shape, and features [129]. For example, silver nanoparticles have shown great bactericidal and antiseptics properties against various viruses, bacteria, and fungi with low toxicity to humans [128], [130].. The antimicrobial activity of silver-containing compounds originates from the binding of Ag + ions to the surface of bacterial cells, preventing proteins from synthesizing the cell walls.…”

“…The antimicrobial activity of silver-containing compounds originates from the binding of Ag + ions to the surface of bacterial cells, preventing proteins from synthesizing the cell walls. Furthermore, penetration of silver nanoparticles into the cell walls can lead to denaturing ribosomes and interfering with DNA replication [130], [131].…”

“…Interestingly, BNNs, Au-BNNs, and Au NPs did not display any antibacterial activity. Also, the and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) decorated hBN@P(L-DP) (hBN@P(L-DP)-AgNPs) [130].…”

Nano-engineered 2D hBN-Based Materials for Environmental and Healthcare Applications

“…Metal nanoparticles have been of particular interest because of their wide range of functionality, size, shape, and features [129]. For example, silver nanoparticles have shown great bactericidal and antiseptics properties against various viruses, bacteria, and fungi with low toxicity to humans [128], [130].. The antimicrobial activity of silver-containing compounds originates from the binding of Ag + ions to the surface of bacterial cells, preventing proteins from synthesizing the cell walls.…”

“…The antimicrobial activity of silver-containing compounds originates from the binding of Ag + ions to the surface of bacterial cells, preventing proteins from synthesizing the cell walls. Furthermore, penetration of silver nanoparticles into the cell walls can lead to denaturing ribosomes and interfering with DNA replication [130], [131].…”