Synthesis and Characterization of (Ca1−xSrx)12Al14O33 Electrides

Zhao, Jiping; Zhang, Xin; Liu, Hongliang; Xiao, Yixin; Jiang, Hao; Zhang, Jiuxing

doi:10.1002/crat.201700201

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Figure 5B shows the Arrhenius curve of the C12A7:e − synthesized at 1050°C. It can be seen from the figure that the slope of the curve between 5 K and 300 K is positive (dσ/dT > 0), and the sample exhibits metallic characteristics 28 . This also further shows that the synthesized C12A7:e − has achieved the successful injection of electrons.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…It can be seen from the figure that the slope of the curve between 5 K and 300 K is positive (dσ/dT > 0), and the sample exhibits metallic characteristics. 28 This also further shows that the synthesized C12A7:e − has achieved the successful injection of electrons. Also, the higher the electron concentration of the sample, the higher the conductivity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 67%

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[Ca₂₄Al₂₈O₆₄]⁴⁺(4e⁻) are directly and quickly synthesized by self‐reduction of C₁₂H₁₀Ca₃O₁₄ + Al₂O₃ without any reducing agent

Xiao

Zhang

2020

J Am Ceram Soc

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C12H10Ca3O14 + Al2O3 powders are used as precursors, and the dense [Ca24Al28O64]4+(4e−) (C12A7:e−) ceramic block with high electron density is quickly synthesized in one step under a spark plasma sintering (SPS) process with a temperature of 1000°C and a time of 5 minutes. The microstructure and composition analysis results show that the synthesized C12A7:e− is dense (99.7%), has no defects, and no impurities are introduced. The electronic structure analysis results show that the electron concentration of the sample is 2 × 1021 cm−3. This method realizes the self‐reduction of the sample through the CO gas generated during the sintering process, avoids the introduction of impurities, and dramatically simplifies the process. These results provide a potential path for the rapid fabrication of a large number of C12A7:e− with high electron concentration and provide a basis for its practical applications such as cold cathode fluorescent lamp and catalyst carrier.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 67%

[Ca₂₄Al₂₈O₆₄]⁴⁺(4e⁻) are directly and quickly synthesized by self‐reduction of C₁₂H₁₀Ca₃O₁₄ + Al₂O₃ without any reducing agent

Xiao

Zhang

2020

J Am Ceram Soc

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“…Kim et al [15] measured a comparable conductivity (~4 S cm -1 ) but a higher electron concentration of 8 x 10 19 cm -3 by ESR method for sintered ceramics. Li and Xiao et al [16,18] used the UV absorption and the ESR method to determine the electron concentration of C12A7:e-ceramics prepared by SPS. With ESR, the electron concentration is in the range between 10 18 and 10 19 cm -3 , whereas the electron concentration of 2 x 10 21 cm -3 is 2-3 orders of magnitude higher measured by the UV absorption.…”

Section: Accepted Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) for determination of the electron concentration is not comparable to optical absorption, because the saturated diamagnetic electron pairs are not distributing on the measured signal [17,18]. Similar is the situation with Hall measurement, which detects only the mobile electrons [16]. So, the reported data on the electronic properties summarized in table 1 do not allow a direct comparison or a reliable characterization but give a profound base for the explanation of the unique properties of this material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[11][12][13][14] In comparison to the single crystalline C12A7:e-, the polycrystalline ceramics seem to indicate a lower conductivity along with a decreased electron concentration. 15,16 But the differences in the single and polycrystalline structure do not exclusively explain these lower values but also the measuring method used for determining the electron concentration. Using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) for determination of the electron concentration is not comparable to optical absorption, because the saturated diamagnetic electron pairs are not distributing on the measured signal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electronic, mechanical, and thermal properties of [Ca₂₄Al₂₈O₆₄]⁴⁺(4e⁻) electride ceramic

Waetzig

Schilm

2021

Int J Ceramic Engine & Sci

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The compound [Ca 24 Al 28 O 64 ] 4+ (4e-) named as C12A7:e-has outstanding properties because of a low work function and high electron conductivity due to a cage like crystal structure. For the application of the material as hollow cathodes in small satellite propulsion systems, its preparation as sinterable glass ceramics via the powder route is purposeful. However, the mechanical and thermal properties of the C12A7:e-glass ceramics have only been insufficiently measured so far. In this study, the measured Vickers hardness (HV0.5) is 6.7 ± 0.2 GPa. The ceramic has a fracture toughness of 1.6 MPa m 0.5 (calculated by Shetty model) and a 4-pt.bending strength of σ = 75 ± 12 MPa (σ 0 = 90 MPa). The coefficient of thermal expansion CTE is between 4.2 and 6.0 × 10 -6 K -1 (RT-1000 °C) and the thermal conductivity ranges between 2.3 W m -1 K -1 (20 °C) and 1.7 W m -1 K -1 (1000 °C). For calculating the thermal conductivity, the heat capacity and the thermal diffusivity are measured.

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Investigation on electrical conductivity and surface distribution of work function of C12A7 electride

Yang

Cong

2019

J Mater Sci: Mater Electron

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Synthesis and Characterization of (Ca_1−xSr_x)₁₂Al₁₄O₃₃ Electrides

Cited by 7 publications

References 29 publications

[Ca₂₄Al₂₈O₆₄]⁴⁺(4e⁻) are directly and quickly synthesized by self‐reduction of C₁₂H₁₀Ca₃O₁₄ + Al₂O₃ without any reducing agent

[Ca₂₄Al₂₈O₆₄]⁴⁺(4e⁻) are directly and quickly synthesized by self‐reduction of C₁₂H₁₀Ca₃O₁₄ + Al₂O₃ without any reducing agent

Electronic, mechanical, and thermal properties of [Ca₂₄Al₂₈O₆₄]⁴⁺(4e⁻) electride ceramic

Investigation on electrical conductivity and surface distribution of work function of C12A7 electride

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Synthesis and Characterization of (Ca1−xSrx)12Al14O33 Electrides

Cited by 7 publications

References 29 publications

[Ca24Al28O64]4+(4e−) are directly and quickly synthesized by self‐reduction of C12H10Ca3O14 + Al2O3 without any reducing agent

[Ca24Al28O64]4+(4e−) are directly and quickly synthesized by self‐reduction of C12H10Ca3O14 + Al2O3 without any reducing agent

Electronic, mechanical, and thermal properties of [Ca24Al28O64]4+(4e−) electride ceramic

Investigation on electrical conductivity and surface distribution of work function of C12A7 electride

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Product

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Synthesis and Characterization of (Ca_1−xSr_x)₁₂Al₁₄O₃₃ Electrides

[Ca₂₄Al₂₈O₆₄]⁴⁺(4e⁻) are directly and quickly synthesized by self‐reduction of C₁₂H₁₀Ca₃O₁₄ + Al₂O₃ without any reducing agent

[Ca₂₄Al₂₈O₆₄]⁴⁺(4e⁻) are directly and quickly synthesized by self‐reduction of C₁₂H₁₀Ca₃O₁₄ + Al₂O₃ without any reducing agent

Electronic, mechanical, and thermal properties of [Ca₂₄Al₂₈O₆₄]⁴⁺(4e⁻) electride ceramic