Synthesis and characterization of carboxymethylated xylan and its application as a dispersant

Konduri, Mohan K.R.; Fatehi, Pedram

doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.03.036

Cited by 52 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…For example, the best ratio of 2-chloropropionic acid to LS in this work is 2.0 mol mol À1 ,w hich yielded the maximum CD (À3.51 meq g À1 ) and M w (46,493 gmol À1 ). [25,29,57] As tudy of the effect of the NaOH concentrations howed that the CD and M w increased if the concentration was lower than 30 wt %a nd decreased if the concentration was highert han 30 wt %. [25] Moreover,a st he carboxyethylation reaction is an endothermic process, [106,107] an increase in temperature from 60 to 90 8Ct ended to increaseb oth the M w and the negative CD of CELS.…”

Section: Optimal Reaction Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[25,103] Hence,atotal of 16 runs was conducted based on Ta guchi orthogonal design (L 16 )t od etermine the optimum conditions to produce CELS with the maximumc harge density and molecular weight.T he selected reactionc onditions and polymerp roperties are given in Ta ble 3. [25,103] Hence,atotal of 16 runs was conducted based on Ta guchi orthogonal design (L 16 )t od etermine the optimum conditions to produce CELS with the maximumc harge density and molecular weight.T he selected reactionc onditions and polymerp roperties are given in Ta ble 3.…”

Section: Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[25] Moreover,a st he carboxyethylation reaction is an endothermic process, [106,107] an increase in temperature from 60 to 90 8Ct ended to increaseb oth the M w and the negative CD of CELS. If we comparet he degree of influence of each factor on CD and M w ,t he optimum combination of levels for each factor should exist in one of the as listed in Ta ble 6.…”

Section: Optimal Reaction Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[25,29,41,48,[107][108][109] Moreover, the correlations between the DS and the reaction conditions are presented in Figure 9. [25,29,41,48,[107][108][109] Moreover, the correlations between the DS and the reaction conditions are presented in Figure 9.…”

Section: Optimal Reaction Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[17][18][19][20][21][22] For example, modifications of LS with methanolylphenol or by hydroxymethylation increaset he thermal stability and reactivity of the products, [23] respectively.I na ddition, the demethylation of LS increased the number of hydroxyl groups. [13,[25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38] In addition, the carboxymethylationo fs tarch has been studied in different reaction media. Several investigationsh ave been performed in recent years on the preparation,c haracterization, and application of carboxymethylatedl ignin and other polymers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis and Characterization of Carboxyethylated Lignosulfonate

Bahrpaima

Fatehi

2018

ChemSusChem

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Lignosulfonate is a byproduct of the sulfite pulping process and has limited use in industry. The main objective of this study was to investigate the carboxyethylation of lignosulfonate to increase its charge density to broaden its applications. The carboxyethylation of lignosulfonate was optimized under the conditions of 30 wt % NaOH, 2.0 mol mol 2-chloropropinic acid/lignosulfonate, 90 °C, 0.5 h, and 0.03 mol 2-chloropropinic acid, which produced carboxyethylated lignosulfonate with a charge density and molecular weight of -3.51 meq g and 46 493 g mol , respectively. The mechanism of the carboxyethylation reaction using 2-chloropropinic acid by an S 1 pathway in an alkaline solution was discussed. Methylation was also used to mask the phenolic hydroxide groups of lignosulfonate to investigate if carboxyethylation occurred on aliphatic hydroxide groups of lignosulfonate. The produced carboxyethylated lignosulfonate was characterized by using FTIR spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography, and elemental and functional group analyses. Basic H- H 2 D COSY NMR spectroscopy was used to record the coupled spins of the carboxyethyl group on carboxyethylated lignosulfonate. The information from 1 D H NMR and 2 D NMR COSY spectroscopy provided evidence for the existence of a 1-carboxyethyl group on the carboxyethylated lignosulfonate structure.

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Section: Optimal Reaction Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Optimal Reaction Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Optimal Reaction Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis and Characterization of Carboxyethylated Lignosulfonate

Bahrpaima

Fatehi

2018

ChemSusChem

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Influence of carboxymethylation on the gelling capacity, rheological properties, and antioxidant activity of feruloylated arabinoxylans from different sources

Márquez-Escalante¹,

Rascón‐Chu²,

Campa-Mada³

et al. 2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Feruloylated arabinoxylans (FAX) are gelling polysaccharides presenting antioxidant activity (AC) and potential application as delivery systems. The influence of carboxymethylation on the gelling capacity, rheological properties, and AC of FAX from wheat flour (FAX1) and maize distillers grains (FAX2) was analyzed. The degree of substitution of carboxymethyl groups was 0.27 and 1.77 for carboxymethylated FAX1 (CFAX1) and FAX2 (CFAX2), which presented a change in M n from 446 to 362 kDa and from 120 to 180 kDa, and a loss in FA content from 1.05 to traces and from 10.13 to 0.12, respectively, after carboxymethylation. G 0 value at the end of rheological tests for FAX1 (71 Pa) and FAX2 (726 Pa) was higher than the corresponding G 00 value. In contrast, G 00 value for CFAX1 (0.35 Pa) and CFAX2 (0.03 Pa) was higher than the respective G 0 value, indicating that they do no form gels. The AC increased in CFAX1 in relation to FAX1 from 4.49 to 8.30 mmol Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) kg −1 , respectively, while it decreased in CFAX2 with regard to FAX2 from 11.31 to 9.43 mmol TEAC kg −1 , respectively. Carboxymethylation could be a path to design FAX derivatives offering alternative potential applications.

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Recovery of xylan from Acacia mearnsii using ultrasound‐assisted alkaline extraction

Gufe

Thantsha

Malgas

2023

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

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Novel and effective biorefinery methods are necessary to fractionate lignocellulosic biomass into separate components for the valorization of these components into value-added products. For example, the xylan fraction can be used as an adhesive, a thickener, an additive to plastics, an emulsifier, a drug carrier, and as a precursor of prebiotic xylooligosaccharides. Unfortunately, conventional xylan extraction procedures require lengthy extraction periods and are characterized by poor product purity and yields. In this study, a non-conventional ultrasound-assisted alkaline extraction method was developed for the effective extraction of xylan from Acacia mearnsii, an industrially relevant hardwood in South Africa. The effect of the additional ultrasonication step on the conventional alkaline extraction of xylan was evaluated. After this, basic structural analysis was conducted on both acacia xylan extracts and commercially available beech-derived xylan. Composition analysis data showed the acacia-derived glucuronoxylan to have an Ara:GluA:Xyl ratio of 0.5:1:5, while that from beechwood had a 0:1:4 ratio. Ultrasound-assisted alkaline extraction also gave a better yield (24%) than conventional alkaline extraction (21%) and had a quicker extraction period of 1 h versus 4 h. Finally, the acacia-derived xylan exhibited antioxidant potential, with an EC50 value of ≈1.5 mg/mL against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH). In conclusion, ultrasound-assisted alkaline extraction was successfully employed to extract high-purity, bioactive xylan from acacia. The purified acacia xylan is a suitable replacement for birchwood glucuronoxylan, which is no longer commercially available, or for expensive beechwood substitute for numerous applications.

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Synthesis and characterization of carboxymethylated xylan and its application as a dispersant

Cited by 52 publications

References 52 publications

Synthesis and Characterization of Carboxyethylated Lignosulfonate

Synthesis and Characterization of Carboxyethylated Lignosulfonate

Influence of carboxymethylation on the gelling capacity, rheological properties, and antioxidant activity of feruloylated arabinoxylans from different sources

Recovery of xylan from Acacia mearnsii using ultrasound‐assisted alkaline extraction

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