Synthesis and Characterization of Chitosan-Containing ZnS/ZrO2/Graphene Oxide Nanocomposites and Their Application in Wound Dressing

Abstract

The development of scaffold-based nanofilms for the acceleration of wound healing and for maintaining the high level of the healthcare system is still a challenge. The use of naturally sourced polymers as binders to deliver nanoparticles to sites of injury has been highly suggested. To this end, chitosan (CS) was embedded with different nanoparticles and examined for its potential usage in wound dressing. In detail, chitosan (CS)-containing zinc sulfide (ZnS)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO2)/graphene oxide (GO) nanocomposite films were successfully fabricated with the aim of achieving promising biological behavior in the wound healing process. Morphological examination by SEM showed the formation of porous films with a good scattering of ZnS and ZrO2 nanograins, especially amongst ZnS/ZrO2/GO@CS film. In addition, ZnS/ZrO2/GO@CS displayed the lowest contact angle of 67.1 ± 0.9°. Optically, the absorption edge records 2.35 eV for pure chitosan, while it declines to 1.8:1.9 scope with the addition of ZnS, ZrO2, and GO. Normal lung cell (WI-38) proliferation inspection demonstrated that the usage of 2.4 µg/mL ZnS/ZrO2/GO@CS led to a cell viability % of 142.79%, while the usage of 5000 µg/ mL led to a viability of 113.82%. However, the fibroblast malignant cell line exposed to 2.4 µg/mL ZnS/ZrO2/GO@CS showed a viability % of 92.81%, while this percentage showed a steep decline with the usage of 5000 µg/ mL and 2500 µg/mL, reaching 23.28% and 27.81%, respectively. Further biological assessment should be executed with a three-dimensional film scaffold by choosing surrounding media characteristics (normal/malignant) that enhance the selectivity potential. The fabricated scaffolds show promising selective performance, biologically.

Porous Chitosan Hydrogels Produced by Physical Crosslinking: Physicochemical, Structural, and Cytotoxic Properties

“…In our study, the high-intensity peaks corresponding to interplanar distances of 4.436 Å were observed in samples UC-H1 and UC-H4. Li et al [22] and Alghuwainem et al [34] attributed these peaks to the strong intramolecular hydrogen bonds among the chitosan polymeric chains.…”

Improving the Durability of Chitosan Films through Incorporation of Magnesium, Tungsten, and Graphene Oxides for Biomedical Applications

“…Due to its distinctive qualities, which include tissue regeneration acceleration, blood coagulation stimulation, increased rate of O2 transmission, microbial prevention, and epithelization acceleration, it is a helpful biomaterial for wound healing. [14,15] Chitosan can also be cross-linked with glyoxal, glutaraldehyde, and terephthaldehyde to create biomaterials that can be applied to various biological applications, including gene delivery, therapy, and organ transplantation. [16] Chitosan is the most often employed biopolymer for the creation of nanoparticles because of its distinct features.…”

“…Effective polymeric dressings for treating chronic ulcers are currently in higher demand than ever [8,12] . Due to their ability to replicate the extracellular matrix and create an environment conducive to proliferation and cell growth, tissue engineering frameworks have been extensively used in this field [13,14] …”

“…[8,12] Due to their ability to replicate the extracellular matrix and create an environment conducive to proliferation and cell growth, tissue engineering frameworks have been extensively used in this field. [13,14] Chitin, a structural biopolymer found in the exoskeletons of several crustaceans and mollusks, is converted into chitosan (CS), a biodegradable polysaccharide. Chitosan is frequently regarded as biocompatible, non-antigenic, non-toxic, and bioabsorbable.…”

Magnesium Ortho-Vanadate/Magnesium Oxide/Graphene Oxide Embedded through Cellulose Acetate-Based Films for Wound Healing Applications

“…Undeniably, skin-wound healing is a complicated process [11,12]. It happens through many stages, i.e., the stopping of blood flow (hemostasis), soring, inflammation, proliferation, and restoration, according to the intensity of the damage [13,14]. Anti-inflammatory performance and surface design are considered important healing factors [6][7][8][9].…”