The cobalt(II) complex
salts [Co(bpy)(az)2](PF6)2 and [Co(az)4](PF6), each bearing
the unusual cis-N,N′-diphenylazodioxide ligand, were both screened as possible
anticancer agents against SK-HEP-1 liver cancer cells. Both compounds
were found to induce substantial apoptosis as an increasing function
of concentration and time. Measurement of apoptosis-related proteins
indicated that both the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways of apoptosis
were activated. The apoptotic activity induced by these salts is not
displayed either by simple cobalt(II) salts or complexes or by the
free nitrosobenzene ligand. Additionally, these compounds did not
induce apoptosis, as assessed by poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose)
polymerase cleavage, in several other cell lines.