Synthesis and characterization of crosslinkable latex with interpenetrating network structure based on polystyrene and polyacrylate

Abstract

Functional poly[styrene‐co‐(2‐ethylhexyl acrylate)‐co‐(1,6‐hexanediol diacrylate)]/poly[(methyl methacrylate)‐co‐(butyl acrylate)‐co‐(methacrylic acid)‐co‐(diacetone acrylamide)] (PS/PA) semi‐interpenetrating polymer networks (semi‐LIPNs) containing ketone carboxyl groups were synthesized by two‐stage emulsion polymerization, and characterized by Fourier transform infrared, transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering and DSC. A unique feature of the PS/PA semi‐LIPNs is their ability to crosslink and form thermosetting full‐IPN polymers through the reaction of ketone carboxyl and hydrazide in the course of film formation at ambient temperatures. Series of latex particles with various levels of crosslinking density in the PS and PA domain and varied composition of PS/PA LIPNs were obtained. The effects of the LIPN PS/PA composition and the level of crosslinking density in the PS and PA domain on film density, swell ratio, mechanical properties and contact angle with water were investigated. Maximum synergy effects obtained at around 50/50 (PS/PA) in terms of mechanical properties, density and contact angle with water indicate that the maximum degree of interpenetration is obtained at this composition. Copyright © 2006 Society of Chemical Industry

RETRACTED: Synthesis and characterization of two novel heterocyclic monomers bearing allylic function and their applications in the epoxy-acrylic-amine waterborne coatings

“…An optional method is to improve the cross-linking property [1,[27][28][29][30][31]. Chemical reactions between different polar groups not only facilitate cross-links and thus enhance the physical and chemical integrity of the coalesced film, but also reduce the number of polar groups and thereby lower the water sensitivity of the coatings [15,27,31]. Reactive polar groups for coating systems usually include epoxy groups, hydroxyl groups, carboxyl groups, amino groups, N-methylolacrylamide groups, Scheme 1.…”

“…blocked isocyanates and acetoacetate groups, etc. [7,15,[27][28][29][30][31]. Cross-linking property of a coating is known to be impacted by the number density of these reactive polar groups.…”

Synthesis of cross-linkable fluorinated core–shell latex nanoparticles and the hydrophobic stability of films

“…Through the incorporation of cross-linkable groups in the polymer backbone, after thermal curing, the fluorinated groups on the near surface of coatings are firmly attached to the three-dimensional network by the robust covalent-bonds. The cross-linkable groups can be carboxyl, hydroxyl, amine, isocyanate and epoxy groups [29][30][31]. The multivalent transition metal ions have also been utilized to chelate with the fluorinated polymers through carboxyl and sulfonic M A N U S C R I P T A C C E P T E D ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT 4 groups to produce ionic cross-linked polymer films, but this method is not suitable for the latex system since the metal ions result in the coagulation of latex nanoparticles in the system to some extent [32].…”

Characterization of Molecular Structure of Emulsion Acrylic Microgels: Exploring the Impact of Molar Mass on Coating Properties of Self-Cross-Linkable Latexes

“…By introducing the self-crosslinkable chemistry in emulsion polymers, the physical and chemical integrity of latex films is enhanced, while the film formation process may be complicated [22]. In order to possess increased final coating properties, a balance between chemical crosslinking and polymer chain mobility resulting in sufficient inter-diffusion and entanglement of polymer chains during the particle coalescence stage has to be maintained [23,24,25].…”