Synthesis and Characterization of Marine Clay-Supported Nano Zero Valent Iron

Abstract

This study reports the preparation and characterization of marine clay nano zero valent iron (MC+nZVI) where marine clay acts as the composite material. Marine clay was air dried and pulverized before used. Basically, MC+nZVI was synthesized by chemical reduction method. The materials synthesized were left oven dried overnight at 50°C. The obtained materials were characterized by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). FESEM images show that the nZVI particles dispersed well on the surface of marine clay thus reducing aggregation of nZVI. TEM images show that the particles have the shell-core structure and the particles sizes were around 29.92-57.11 nm for MC+nZVI. XPS spectrums indicate the existence of Fe 0 on the synthesized MC+nZVI. Other than that, XRD and FTIR results also show that there exists the formation of iron oxides on the surface of MC+nZVI. The adsorption capability of MC+nZVI is increased by 15% compared to marine clay. Therefore, increment of MC+nZVI adsorption capacity might be due to the welldispersed nZVI thus enhancing the performance of MC+nZVI.

Degradation of Anionic Dye (Acid Orange II) by Bentonite Supported Nano-Zero Valent Iron

“…1f), the peak of Fe 2p 1/2 (Fe 2 O 3 ) and Fe 2p 3/2 (Fe 3 O 4 ) exhibited the binding energy at 724.0 eV and 710.0 eV; respectively. For both nZVI and B-nZVI, small peaks at 706.1 eV and 719.7 eV were corresponding to zero valent iron (Fe 0 2p3/2 and Fe 0 2p1/2 respectively) [10]. From the Fig.…”

“…Carbon was spotted in all samples as a result of carbon coating and using adhesive carbon tape [6]. According to Yaacob and How [10], B elements presented due to NaBH 4 that has been used to synthesize nanoparticles. The elements of Na, Al, Mg, Ca and Si were found on bentonite and B-nZVI as this clay mineral has two siloxane tetrahedral sheets with an aluminium octahedral sheet, 2:1 structure [6].…”

“…However, the nZVI can easily aggregate due to strong van der Organics, 98 + %) and ethanol (Fisher Scientific, 99.4 %) were used in this analysis. Synthesis of nanoparticles: Bentonite supported nano zero valent iron (B-nZVI) was synthesized using a chemical reduction method [7,10]. Ferric chloride solutions were prepared by dissolving 4.38 g ferric chloride tetrahydrate with 50 mL mixture of ethanol and deionized water (35 mL ethanol + 15 mL of deionized water).…”

“…The concentration effect was performed using 5, 20, 40, 60,80, 100 and 150 mg/L of acid orange II while for pH effect, different pH levels of acid orange II (pH 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12) were determined and made use. Kinetic effect was represented by shaking times (5,10,20,30,45,60, 120, 180 and 360 min) while for temperature effect, different temperatures (30, 40, 50 and 60 °C) were used in this analysis. For all factors, the batch test analysis was carried out with the ratio 1:100.…”

The removal of copper (II) and lead (II) from aqueous solution using Fuller’s earth and Fuller’s earth-immobilized nanoscale zero valent iron (FE-NZVI) by adsorption

“…One of the good alternatives in removing the heavy metal ions in water is the nZVI because of its high reaction rate, high reactivity and large surface area [6]. The effectiveness of nZVI was heavily influenced by the parameters affecting the system including the adsorbent dosage, initial concentration of contaminants and pH.…”