Synthesis and characterization of mechanical-alloyed Ti–xMg alloys

Microstructure and crystal structure of an equimolar Mg–Ti alloy processed by Simoloyer high-energy ball mill

“…It appears from the above observation that the crystal structure of the product obtained by high energy ball milling of equimolar Ti-Mg mixtures depends on the energy input, which is a function of the rotation speed, the mass of the balls and the milling time. This may explain the variety of crystal structures reported in the literature for the Ti-Mg systems and their dependence on milling [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][11][12][13][14].…”

“…From their work it was noted that the transformation from HCP to FCC structures during ball milling was related to a synergy between the process control agent, the impact generated by the milling balls and the dissolution of Ti in Mg. Sun and Froes [11] reported that the average grain size of the Ti-xMg alloys decreased with increasing Mg content, whereas the volume fraction of grain boundaries significantly increased as the Mg content increased, suggesting that the grain boundary played an important role in enhancing the solid solubility of Mg in Ti. Repeated plastic deformation of raw materials was reported in the initial stage of the mechanical alloying of various metallic systems by ball milling.…”

Thermal treatment effect on structural features of mechano-synthesized fluorapatite-titania nanocomposite: A comparative study

“…If we assume that a crystallite is a sphere of diameter D surrounded by a shell of grain boundary with thickness t , the volume fraction of grain boundary f is approximately [32]:…”

Effect of milling parameters on the formation of nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite using different raw materials

“…If we assume that a crystallite is a sphere of diameter D surrounded by a shell of grain boundary with thickness t, the volume fraction of grain boundary, f, is approximately [29]:…”