Synthesis and characterization of nanoparticulate films for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells

Darbandi, Azad J.; Enz, Thorsten; Hahn, Horst

doi:10.1016/j.ssi.2009.01.004

Cited by 32 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The EDS analysis (Table 2) confirms that nanocrystalline powders contain RE cations in equiatomic amounts as desired and expected for powders synthesized by NSP. [10,12,24] Selected REO powders were characterized using XPS in order to determine the oxidation state(s) of Ce and Pr (Figure 2). The XPS 3d spectra of Ce in CeO 2 , (Ce,Pr,Sm)O, and (Ce,La,Pr,Sm,Y)O powders (Figure 2(a)) are very similar.…”

Section: Microstructure and Element Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The nanocrystalline multicomponent REO powders were synthesized by employing nebulized spray pyrolysis (NSP) instead of solid-state reactions as done in previous publications. [1,9] This well-established method [10][11][12][13][14][15] allows for the direct synthesis of nanocrystalline powders in a short period of time (production rate of 1-2 g h −1 in a laboratory scale reactor) with a homogeneous distribution of the elements inside the crystal lattice. The crystal structure and the elemental compositions of assynthesized and subsequently heat-treated REO powders are discussed and the phase stability upon heat treatments is addressed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multicomponent equiatomic rare earth oxides

Djenadic

Sarkar

Clemens

et al. 2016

Materials Research Letters

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280

172

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Multicomponent rare earth oxide (REO) nanocrystalline powders containing up to seven equiatomic rare earth elements were successfully synthesized in a single-phase CaF 2-type (Fm-3 m) structure. The addition of more than six elements resulted in the formation of a secondary phase. Annealing at 1000°C for 1 h led to the formation of a single-phase (Ia-3) even in the 7-component system. In the absence of cerium (Ce 4+), secondary phases were observed irrespective of the number of cations or the extent of thermal treatment indicating that cerium cations played a crucial role in stabilizing the multicomponent REOs into a phase pure structure. IMPACT STATEMENT Multicomponent equiatomic rare earth oxides pioneer a new group of materials that crystallize into a single-phase structure with the dominant role of a single element instead of entropy.

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Section: Microstructure and Element Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multicomponent equiatomic rare earth oxides

Djenadic

Sarkar

Clemens

et al. 2016

Materials Research Letters

Self Cite

280

172

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“…Solutions with complex compositions of metals salts in an appropriate solvent are nebulized using ultrasonic agitation and are transferred into the reaction zone. Using this so‐called nebulized spray pyrolysis (NSP) technique, complex oxides, for example single‐phase La y Sr x MnO 3 with x + y ≤ 1 (LSM), La 0.6 Sr 0.4 Co 0.2 Fe 0.8 O 3− δ (LSCF) and La 0.25 Ba 0.25 Sr 0.5 Co 0.2 Fe 0.8 O 3− δ (LBSCF) and two‐phase Sm 2 O 3 –MgO, for applications as cathodes in solid oxide fuel cells have been synthesized 38, 39. Compared to the “non‐agglomerated” structure of CVS powders, NSP powders can exhibit hollow‐shell morphologies, as seen in Figure 5, and require further processing to obtain stable dispersions.…”

Section: New Trends In Processing Of Bulk Nanostructured Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bulk Nanostructured Materials: Non‐Mechanical Synthesis

et al. 2010

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An overview of the synthesis and processing techniques for bulk nanostructured materials that are based on “bottom‐up” approaches is presented. Typically, these processes use nanoparticles, which can be produced by a variety of methods in the gas, liquid or solid state, as the basic building blocks. Their assembly into bulk nanostructured materials requires at least one more processing step, such as compaction or the formation of thick films. For certain nanostructures, film deposition techniques can also be employed. A wide range of nanostructures – from thick films with theoretical density to bulk nanocrystalline materials with nanoporosity – exhibiting novel structural and functional properties useful in many fields of applications are presented. Additionally, the properties of these bulk nanostructured materials can be categorized as either tailored, i.e., microstructure‐dependent and inherently irreversible, or tunable, i.e., reversible by the application of an external field. Examples of both categories of properties are presented and the special role of the synthesis and processing routes to achieve the necessary nanostructures is emphasized.

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“…As the electrochemical performance of the cathode layer depends upon the triple phase boundary (TPB) between air, cathode and electrolyte, nanoparticles with their high specfic surface area, enhance the TPB and thus improves the overall performance of the cell [3][4][5]. Conventional processes like sol-gel, co-precipitation, solid state synthesis [6][7][8] are multi-step and produce particles in the micrometer range having very low specfic surface areas (< 8 m 2 /g).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flame spray synthesis of nano lanthanum strontium manganite for solid oxide fuel cell applications

Babu

Darbandi

Suffner

et al. 2011

Trans Indian Inst Met

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Lanthanum strontium manganite is a classic cathode material for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC). Nanosized LSM particles, due to their higher specfic surface area, have been found to enhance the electrode performance by providing a larger three phase boundary (TPB) area. However conventional processes like solid state, sol-gel or co-precipitation, produce particles having low specic surface area (< 8 m 2 /g) and hence require high sintering temperatures. Moreover these processes are multi-step and are hence time consuming. In the present work, single phase LSM with a crystallite size of 26 nm and a specfic surface area as high as 40 m 2 /g was produced by a flame spray pyrolysis method. The as-synthesized powder was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen adsorption, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Porous thin films were prepared by spin coating a water based dispersion of LSM. Electrochemical performance of the nanoparticulate cathode films were studied using impedance spectroscopy. Interfacial polarization resistance value of as low as 0.085 :cm 2 at 850 o C was obtained by this method. This method thus offers a very cost effective approach for the preparation of highly active cathode thin films for SOFC applications.

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Synthesis and characterization of nanoparticulate films for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells

Cited by 32 publications

References 33 publications

Multicomponent equiatomic rare earth oxides

Multicomponent equiatomic rare earth oxides

Bulk Nanostructured Materials: Non‐Mechanical Synthesis

Flame spray synthesis of nano lanthanum strontium manganite for solid oxide fuel cell applications

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