Synthesis and Characterization of New γ-Substituted Pentamethine Cyanine Dyes

Synthesis of New Metal-Free 1,4,8,11-Tetraaza[14]annulene Derivatives Using 2-Heteroaryl-substituted Trimethinium Salts

“…All new 6,13‐disubstituted 1,4,8,11‐tetraaza[14]annulene derivatives were synthesized using a two‐step procedure as shown in Schemes : (1) synthesis of 2‐heteroaryl‐substituted trimethinium salts (A, B, and C) by Vilsmeier–Arnold formylation of corresponding N ‐heteroaryl acetic acid salts and (2) synthesis of 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 (Scheme ), 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 (Scheme ), and 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 (Scheme ) from salts A, B, or C with the 1,2‐diamines a , b , c , d , or e respectively.…”

Synthesis of Some Bromomethyl‐ and (4‐Bromomethyl)phenyl‐Derivatives of 1,4,8,11 Tetraaza[14] annulene and Their Corresponding Sulfanylmethylene‐Derivatives Using 3‐Substituted Trimethinium Salts

“…The vinamidinium salts A and B were prepared by the standard Vilsmeier–Haack–Arnold formylation reaction of 3‐bromopropanoic acid and [4‐(bromomethyl)phenyl]acetic acid. A mixture of N, N ‐dimethylformamide (0.2 mmol, 1.8 mL) and phosphorus oxytrichloride (0.09 mmol, 8.3 mL) was stirred for 5 min at 0°C.…”

A microwave-assisted and environmentally benign approach to the synthesis of near-infrared fluorescent pentamethine cyanine dyes

“…The classical alkylation of 6,7,7-trimethyl-7H- [1,3]dioxolo [4,5-f] indole was achieved using identical procedures found above and the respective yields are found below.…”

“…4.11.1. 5,6,7,7-Tetramethyl-7H- [1,3]dioxolo [4,5-f]indol-5-ium iodide (14) Classical Yield 60%, Microwave Yield 95%. 1 …”

“…6,7,7-trimethyl-7H- [1,3]dioxolo [4,5-f]indole (13) A solution of DMF, (8 mL), aniline (1.56 g, 11.38 mmol), and potassium carbonate (1.05 g, 6.8 mmol) was brought to 45 C in a two-neck round bottom flask with small magnetic stir-bar. 3-Bromo-3-methylbutan-2-one (12, 1.86 g, 1 mL) was added to the solution overnight with a syringe pump (Kd Scientific, Model 100).…”