Synthesis and Characterization of Ni-WO3/Sulfated Zirconia Nano catalyst for Isomerization of N-Hexane and Iraqi Light Naphtha

Kamel, Safa Abdul Salam; Mohammed, Wadood T.; Al-Jendeel, Haider A.

doi:10.31699/ijcpe.2021.4.1

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The results also showed that the maximum isomer's selectivity and yield were obtained at the temperature 250 °C and LHSV =2.46 ℎ𝐼𝐼 −1 , which was 86% and 76%, respectively. This result agrees with other research published in the public domain [16,26,27].…”

Section: Effect Of Changing Lhsv and Temperature On Selectivity And Y...supporting

confidence: 94%

“…Naphtha with a higheroctane number was produced when the temperature was above 270 °C; however, the rate of isomer production slowed, and the process shifted towards hydrocracking above this point. Kamel et al [16] analyzed the isomerization of n-hexane and LN on a catalyst of a Ni-WO3/Sulfated Zirconia catalyst at temperatures between 130 and 250 °C, LHSV = 1 hr 1 and constant pressure, i.e., 6 bar. At an operating temperature of 150 ℃, the highest selectivity and conversion for n-hexane isomerization using Ni-WSZ were 96% and 80.1%, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Synthesized Pt/HY-H- Mordenite Composite Catalyst for Isomerization of Light Naphtha

Jarullah

Ahmed

Hussein³

et al. 2023

Tikrit j. eng. sci.

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This work deals with a composite catalyst preparation, Pt/HY-H-Mordenite, for isomerization of Iraqi light naphtha produced from Baiji North Refinery in a pilot plant fixed bed reactor under operating conditions with the following ranges: temperature 150–250 °C, LHSV 2.46–4.7 hr-1, pressure 6 bar, and hydrogen to hydrocarbon ratio 3.7 mol/mol. The prepared nano-silica, Na-mordenite, H-mordenite, and Pt/HY-H-Mordenite catalysts were described by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis. The investigation results showed that the light naphtha isomerization conversion and yield increased with increasing the temperature and decreasing the liquid-hour space velocity. The highest conversion and yield, obtained at 250 °C and LHSV of 2.46 hr-1, were 89.38% and 76.36%, respectively.

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Section: Effect Of Changing Lhsv and Temperature On Selectivity And Y...supporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Synthesized Pt/HY-H- Mordenite Composite Catalyst for Isomerization of Light Naphtha

Jarullah

Ahmed

Hussein³

et al. 2023

Tikrit j. eng. sci.

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“…1 shows a schematic of the Penex™ isomerization unit. The initial mathematical model step characterization of the subject is to build scheme reactions for hydrocarbon during the isomerization process [15]. The mathematical model assumptions were considered as the following [39][40][41][42][43]:…”

Section: Mechanism Of the Isomerization Process For Light Naphtha (C5...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Within the past ten years, few studies have been conducted on kinetic models for the isomerization of n-alkanes [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. The type of feedstock and operating conditions of the most significant studies are reported in Table 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic Modeling of Light Naphtha Hydroisomerization in an Industrial Universal Oil Products Penex™ Unit

Hamied¹,

Shakor²,

Sadeiq³

et al. 2023

Energy Engineering

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Recently, the isomerization of light naphtha has been increasingly significant in assisting refiners in meeting sternness specifications for gasoline. Isomerization process provides refiners with the advantage of reducing sulfur, olefin, and benzene in the gasoline basin without significantly victimizing the octane. The mathematical modeling of a chemical reaction is a critical tool due to it can used to optimize the experimental data to estimate the optimum operating conditions for industrial reactors. This paper describes light naphtha isomerization reactions over a Pt/Al 2 O 3 -Cl catalyst at the Al-Dura Oil Refinery (Baghdad, Iraq) using a newly developed universal mathematical model. The proposed kinetic model involves 117 isomerization reactions and 90 cracking reactions to describe 52 real components graded from methane to n-octane. A Genetic Algorithm stochastic optimization technique applied in MATLAB R2020a software was employed to estimate the optimal set of kinetic parameters. The calculated activation energies for hydrocracking reactions was found to be higher than the other reactions because of hydrocracking reactions occur at higher range of temperatures. By benchmarking between the experimental and theoretical results for all 117 data sets, the mean absolute error was obtained to be 0.00360 for all 52 components. Also, a positive effect of increasing reaction temperatures was recognized on enhancing the research octane number (RON).

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“…Nanomaterials have gained importance in developing new and different industrial applications due to their unique shape, size, and high surface area to volume ratio [1,2,3]. Iron oxide nanoparticles (FeO NPs) are usually interested in modern nanotechnology because of their superior magnetic properties, and their high magnetic susceptibility, and their distinctive properties where they have a high ability to inhibit the growth of microorganisms [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Prepared by Chemical Method on the Kidneys, Liver and Brain of Male Mice

Al Alalaq,

Al–Hadedee,

Alrubeii

2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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This study was conducted to investigate the toxic effect of Fe2O3 nanoparticles on the histological changes of the vital organs of male mice. The iron oxide nanomaterials were prepared by chemical method; several doses of it were used at different concentrations, which are 12, 10, 8, 6%. The dose is administered to the mice orally every 48 hours for a period of 60 days. The mice were divided into 6 groups in addition to the control group during the mentioned period; weights were taken for all groups throughout the experiment period. After the completion of the experimental period, the mice of all the mentioned groups were killed. The results of the histological examination with the first and second concentrations did not show any toxic effects or changes in the functional structures of the mentioned organs. while slight changes appeared in the high concentrations of nanoparticles, as it was found that there was some blood congestion and inflammation in the kidneys. There is also congestion in parts of the liver with enlargement in some cells, as well as congestion in the brain, at concentrations of 12.10%. While no structural changes appeared in the first and second concentrations, also in the control group, no changes appeared in the functional structure of the above members. From the results of the study, we conclude that the use of high concentrations of nanoparticles of iron oxide may lead to changes in the functional structures of the kidneys, liver and brain, and may lead to toxic effects on the rest of the body.

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Synthesis and Characterization of Ni-WO3/Sulfated Zirconia Nano catalyst for Isomerization of N-Hexane and Iraqi Light Naphtha

Cited by 4 publications

References 16 publications

Evaluation of Synthesized Pt/HY-H- Mordenite Composite Catalyst for Isomerization of Light Naphtha

Evaluation of Synthesized Pt/HY-H- Mordenite Composite Catalyst for Isomerization of Light Naphtha

Kinetic Modeling of Light Naphtha Hydroisomerization in an Industrial Universal Oil Products Penex™ Unit

Effect of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Prepared by Chemical Method on the Kidneys, Liver and Brain of Male Mice

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