Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Aryl Alkyl Sulfonates Based on Nonylphenol

Abstract

A series of nonylphenol-substituted alkyl sulfonates (C x NPAS, x = 8,10,12,14,16) with two hydrocarbon chains and two different hydrophilic groups has been synthesized from a-olefins and nonylphenol. The respective products have a ''pseudo-gemini'' surfactant structure. The structures of the C x NPAS have been characterized by IR, UV, 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis. The effects of carbon chain length of the obtained surfactants on properties such as the critical micelle concentrations (CMC) in aqueous solutions, surface tension at the CMC (c CMC ), and efficiency of adsorption at the water/ air interface (pC 20 ) have been determined. The c CMC of the surfactants first decreased and then increased with increasing length of the carbon chain x, and reached a minimum of 29.25 mN/m at x = 10, which is much lower than that of a-olefin sulfonate (AOS) (33.52 mN/m). The CMC decreased and pC 20 increased with increasing x. The introduction of the hydroxyl group is responsible for multiple molecular conformations at the water/air interface and leads to a greater molecular area A min and smaller C max than those of AOS.

Selective access to novel aryl alkyl disulfonates via photosulfochlorination process: An eco‐benign approach to a highly active class of surfactants

“…In a similar context, Niu et al (2016) successfully reported the synthesis of a series of ARAS derived from nonylphenol. These compounds were synthesized from initial sulfonation of olefins followed by aromatic alkylation with nonylphenol and subsequent neutralization with sodium hydroxide.…”

Granular fertilizer caking: A research on the performance evaluation of coating agents

“…Formation of a hydrophobic layer on the particle surface improves water repellency, reduces the capillary adhesion, modifies crystal growth, and reduces the tensile strength of the caking bond. Application of these coatings reduces the interfacial tension and improves the flowability of fertilizers [16]. Additionally, they contain basically a specific component that plays against the cake formation such as sulfonates, alkyl sulfates, amines, silicone, and petroleum-based components, etc.…”