Synthesis and characterization of PAn/clay nanocomposite with extended chain conformation of polyaniline

Wu, Qiuju; Zou, Xue; Zhang, Qi; Wang, F.

doi:10.1016/s0032-3861(99)00356-0

Cited by 200 publications

(142 citation statements)

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“…11,12,23 In order to confirm the deintercalation of sodium cations out of the interlayer spacings of the MMT layers due to the intercalation of the aniline monomer, elemental analysis with ICP-AES was performed and the results are summarized in Table 1. The amount of sodium cation present in the nanocomposites was found to be negligible compared with the sodium amount in the pristine Na 1 -MMT.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,2 The two-dimensional (2-D) frameworks are typical of layered inorganic solids such as transition-metal oxides (V 2 O 5 , MoO 3 ), dichalcogenides (MoS 2 ), oxyhalides (FeOCl), halides (a-RuCl 3 ), phosphates (Zr(HPO 4 ) 2 , VOPO 4 ), mica-type layered silicates (2 : 1 layered silicates, smectite clays) as well as layered double hydroxides (LDHs). [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Among such 2-D inorganic materials, the layered silicates are the most common 2-D solids and their unique characteristics, such as high aspect ratio as well as high surface area, make an important contribution to novel properties of nanocomposites. 16,17 Layered silicates such as montmorillonites and hectorites possess the same structural characteristics as the well-known talc and mica.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After the observation of PANI intercalation into Cu 21 exchanged silicates by Cloos et al in 1979, 19 a number of studies on the preparation, properties and applications of PANI/layered silicate nanocomposites were carried out. [10][11][12][13][14][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] Most recently, Yang and Chen reported the synthesis of PANI/ organically modified clay nanocomposites and found that more PANI chains are formed between interlayer spacings of the modified clay, especially for HOOC(CH 2 ) 11 NH 3 1 modified clay because the acidic HOOC(CH 2 ) 11 NH 3 1 ions residing between interlayer spacings provide a stronger driving force for the intercalation of aniline monomer. 29 Yeh et al reported that regardless of clay content, the synthesis of PANI/clay nanocomposites with exfoliated silicate layers of clay was realized and they investigated the effect of such nanocomposites on the corrosion protection of cold rolled steel (CRS) when compared with that of an emeraldine base of PANI using a series of electrochemical measurements of corrosion potential and polarization resistance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structural changes of polyaniline/montmorillonite nanocomposites and their effects on physical properties

et al. 2003

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Polyaniline/montmorillonite (MMT) nanocomposites containing different PANI contents were prepared by the intercalation of aniline monomer into pristine MMT followed by the subsequent oxidative polymerization of the aniline in the interlayer spacings. The polyaniline/MMT nanocomposite structure intercalated with polyaniline (PANI) was examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). From the full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) of the (001) reflection peaks in the XRD patterns, the PANI/ MMT nanocomposite containing 12.3 wt% PANI (PMN12) was found to be in the most disordered state. The physical interaction between the intercalated PANI and the basal surfaces of MMT was monitored by FT-IR. The room-temperature conductivity (s RT ) varied from 9.1 6 10 29 to 1.5 6 10 0 S cm 21 depending on the PANI content in the nanocomposites. The temperature dependence of dc conductivity (s dc (T)) of all the samples follows the quasi-1D variable range hopping (quasi-1D VRH) model (i.e., s dc (T) 3 exp [2(T 0 /T) 1/2 ]). The charge transport behavior of this system was interpreted from the slopes (T 0 ) of the s dc curves and the highest T 0 value was found for the PANI/MMT nanocomposite with 12.3 wt% PANI (PMN12). The FT-IR, s dc (T) and s RT results for the nanocomposites with varying content of PANI are consistently related to the structure of the PANI/MMT nanocomposites discussed in the XRD analysis. The structural argument was further supported by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of all the samples. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed improved thermal stability for the intercalated nanocomposites in comparison with the pure PANI and a simple PANI/MMT mixture.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structural changes of polyaniline/montmorillonite nanocomposites and their effects on physical properties

et al. 2003

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“…[44][45][46][47][48][49] Hybrid electrochromic films based on NiO and polyaniline (PANI) have shown fast operation, high stability and a remarkable efficiency of 85 cm 2 C…”

Section: 43mentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectroscopic, morphological and electrochromic characterization of layer-by-layer hybrid films of polyaniline and hexaniobate nanoscrolls

et al. 2012

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The combination of semiconducting oxides and polyaniline in the nanoscale range may result in hybrid materials having enhanced properties, such as electrochromism and charge capacity. This paper reports the spectroscopic, morphological and electrochromic characterization of hybrid films made up of hexaniobate one-dimensional (1D) nanoscrolls and polyaniline prepared by the layer-by-layer assembly technique (LbL). Secondary electron imaging and backscattered electron imaging techniques performed using a scanning electron microscope showed that polyaniline is adsorbed on the hexaniobate nanoscrolls, which confirms the combination of the components in the nanoscale domain. UV-VIS-NIR electronic spectra of the LbL hybrid films showed the absorption tail in the NIR region, assigned to delocalized polarons of the polyaniline. Resonance Raman spectra in the 1000-1700 cm À1 range indicated that hybrid films present a higher relative intensity of polaron bands at 1337 and 1508 cm À1 than pristine polyaniline in the emeraldine salt form. These results suggest that hexaniobate nanoscrolls induce a secondary doping of polyaniline. The cyclic voltammetry (CV) data for the hybrid film showed a specific capacity of 870 C cm À3 . According to CV results, the synergistic effect on charge storage properties of the hybrid material is attributed to the enhanced electroactivity of the hexaniobate component in the LbL film. Spectroelectrochemical experiments showed that the electrochromic efficiencies at 420 nm are ca. À41 and 24 cm 2 C À1 as the potential changes from 0.8 to À0.9 V and from À0.9 to À1.8 V, respectively, whereas at 800 nm the efficiencies are ca. À55 and 8 cm 2 C À1 for the same potential ranges. The electrochromic efficiencies and multi-colour character of the LbL film of hexaniobate nanoscrolls and polyaniline indicate that this novel hybrid material is an interesting modified electrode for electrochromic devices.

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“…(ii) EVMT is an inactive inorganic host without a redox character, so the situ polymerization can be controlled. (iii) It is a well-ordered host in two dimensions after the intercalation of the aniline monomer; the extrinsic initiator, potassium persulfate, can enter and initiate the polymerization in the interlayers [8]. To improve the exfoliation effect of EVMT, an ultrasonic technique is introduced, and a polyaniline/expanded vermiculite intercalated nanocomposite is prepared by aqueous solution polymerization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, characterization and properties of polyaniline/expanded vermiculite intercalated nanocomposite

Lin

Tang

et al. 2008

Science and Technology of Advanced Materials

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The synthesis characterization and conductivities of polyaniline/expanded vermiculite intercalated nanocomposite are presented in this paper. The conductive emeraldine salt form of polyaniline is inserted into the interlayer of expanded vermiculite to produce the nanocomposite with high conductivity. The structures and properties are characterized by transmission electron microscopy x-ray diffraction spectroscopy fourier transform infrared spectroscopy thermogravimetry analysis and by the measurements of conductivity and stability. The results show that an intercalated nanocomposite with high conductivity and stability is obtained. The synthesis conditions are optimized to obtain the highest conductivity which is 6.80 S cm −1 .

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Synthesis and characterization of PAn/clay nanocomposite with extended chain conformation of polyaniline

Cited by 200 publications

References 10 publications

Structural changes of polyaniline/montmorillonite nanocomposites and their effects on physical properties

Structural changes of polyaniline/montmorillonite nanocomposites and their effects on physical properties

Spectroscopic, morphological and electrochromic characterization of layer-by-layer hybrid films of polyaniline and hexaniobate nanoscrolls

Synthesis, characterization and properties of polyaniline/expanded vermiculite intercalated nanocomposite

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