Synthesis and characterization of poly(trimethylene terephthalate)/organoclay nanocomposite via in situ polymerization

Abstract

Neat poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT) and PTT/modified organoclay nanocomposite with various amounts of clay were synthesized by a two-step procedure. Terephthalic acid (TPA) was reacted with 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PDO) in the esterification step. Then, polycondensation reaction resulted in the formation of PTT in the presence of tetra buthyl titanate (Ti(OC 4 H 9 ) 4 ) as a catalyst. Commercially available organoclay (Cloisite 30B) was modified using 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane via a silylation reaction. Thermal stability of modified clay was studied by means of thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) that showed 10% less weight loss than Cloisite 30B. PTT/organoclay nanocomposites with 0.5, 1 and 2 wt% of modified organoclay were prepared by in situ polymerization. Synthesized polyesters were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and protonnuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( 1 H-NMR). Number average molecular weights were determined by 1 H-NMR and a new Mark-Houwink equation is reported for highly pure dichloroacetic acid as solvent at 25 C. Polymer's morphology was examined with xray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. It was observed that clay layers were

Sulfonated poly(butylene succinate) as a pseudo‐random copolymer: effect of sulfonate groups on microstructure and thermal behavior

“…The required temperatures for these stages were achieved by means of a heating element embedded in the reactor wall. The laboratory‐scale reactor used for the synthesis of PBF and its copolyesters was described in our previous report and its corresponding setup is illustrated schematically in Fig. .…”

Theoretical and experimental studies on DC conductivity and temperature-dependent AC conductivity of poly(butyl methacrylate)/Nd-TiO2 nanocomposites

“…Polymer nanocomposites are ubiquitous in industrial and research fields due to their extraordinary properties. [1][2][3][4] The addition of nanofillers to polymer matrix causes an enhancement in the thermal, optical, electrical, and mechanical properties of the polymer matrix by the synergetic interaction between the nanofillers and the polymer. [5][6][7] The uniform dispersion of nanoparticles in polymers brought significant changes in the molecular dynamics of polymer matrix around the surface of nanoparticles leads to the unpredictable change in the properties of polymer matrix.…”

Crystallization and photo‐curing kinetics of biodegradable poly(butylene succinate‐co‐butylene fumarate) short‐segmented block copolyester

“…As illustrated in Figs (a) and (b), the crystallization and melting temperatures ( T c and T m , respectively) of PBS‐BF copolyesters increased with BF mole fraction. Furthermore, the heating thermograms of all copolyesters exhibited an exothermic recrystallization peak prior to T m based on the thermal history of the samples . Figure represents the dependence of the melting temperature on BF mole fraction.…”

“…Non‐isothermal crystallization of the polymers was studied by the modified Avrami equation in which t was replaced by T / C : where n , Z t , C and X t are the Avrami constant, representing the mechanism of nucleation, the growth rate constant, the cooling rate and the relative crystallinity at constant temperature at time t , respectively. The relative crystallinity ( X t ) as a function of time was calculated using where t 0 and t ∞ are the primary and final times of crystallization, respectively.…”