Synthesis and characterization of poly(vinyl chloride-graft-2-vinylpyridine) graft copolymers using a novel macroinitiator by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization

Abstract

Synthesis of poly(vinyl chloride-graft-2-vinylpyridine) graft copolymers was carried out by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of 2-vinylpyridine using a novel macroinitiator (RAFT macroinitiator). For this purpose, RAFT macroinitiator was obtained from the potassium salt of ethyl xanthogenate and poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC). Then the graft copolymers were synthesized by using RAFT macroinitiator and 2-vinylpyridine. The principal parameters such as monomer concentration, initiator concentration, and polymerization time that affect the polymerization reaction were studied. The effect of the reaction conditions on the heterogeneity index and molecular weight was also investigated. The block lengths of the graft copolymers were calculated by using 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H NMR) spectra. The block lengths of the copolymers could be adjusted by varying the monomer and initiator concentrations. The characterizations of the samples were carried out by using 1 H NMR, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, gel-permeation chromatography, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and fractional precipitation (γ value) techniques. RAFT polymerization is used to control the polymerization of 2-vinylpyridine over a broad range of molecular weights.

Multifunctional, pH-responsive graft copolymer prepared from deproteinized natural rubber and 4-vinylpyridine via emulsion polymerization

“…4VP‐ g ‐DPNR exhibited two different T g values at −64.1 and 139.5 °C. This suggested that 4VP‐ g ‐DPNR comprised both NR and 4VP domains, and that the graft copolymer remained largely amorphous …”

Synthesis and Characterization of Poly(vinyl chloride-graft-ethylene glycol) Graft Copolymers by "Click" Chemistry

“…Purification of PVC PVC was purified as the cited literature [18] as follow; 30 g of it was solved in 120 mL of THF in 24 hours, and precipitated in methanol and dried under vacuum at 45 o C for 24 hours before use.…”

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“…Fractional precipitations (γ) of the polymers were determined by following to the process stated in the literatures (Öztürk et al 2014, Hazer et al 1994, Öztürk et al 2011. Vacuum dried polymer sample (about 0.1 g) was dissolved in 10 mL THF.…”