Synthesis and characterization of precursors for group II metal aluminates

Narayanan, Ramkrishnan; Laine, Richrad M.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-0739(199710/11)11:10/11<919::aid-aoc666>3.0.co;2-z

Cited by 28 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…These flame spray processes resemble the industrially used flame aerosol process and account for increasing volumes of most different oxide particles. Beyond alkoxides ), glycolates (Narayanan & Laine, 1997), carboxylates (Loher et al, 2004) even metal organic compounds (Madler et al, 2002a) have been successfully used for the preparation of different oxides. Figure 1 includes a process diagram for the use of such organic precursors and shows how the latter may be related to the production of titanium chloride for titania manufacturing.…”

Section: Newer Processesmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…With the emergence of numerous new products and nanoparticulate materials (Narayanan & Laine, 1997;Laine et al, 1999;Jensen et al, 2003;Eliezer et al, 2004;Kim et al, 2004), it has been repeatedly speculated that dry processes are more economic and environmentally friendlier than their wet counterparts due to fewer process steps (Pratsinis, 1998). We are putting the hypothesis on the test by starting with a comparison of most classical titania manufacturing and extend the analysis to more complex mixed oxides or metals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Energy Consumption During Nanoparticle Production: How Economic is Dry Synthesis?

et al. 2006

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The production of oxide nanoparticles by selected wet-chemistry or dry processes is compared in terms of energy requirements. Clear differences arise for production using electricity-intensive plasma processes, organic-or chloride-derived flame synthesis and liquid based precipitation processes. In spite of short process chains and elegant reactor design, many dry methods inherently require vastly bigger energy consumption than the multi-step wet processes. Product composition strongly influences the selection of the preferred method of manufacturing in terms of energy requirement: Metal oxide nanoparticles of light elements with high valency, e.g. titania demand high volumes of organic precursors and traditional processes excel in terms of efficiency. Products with heavier elements, more complex composition and preferably lower valency such as doped ceria, zirconia, and most mixed oxide ceramics may be readily manufactured by recently developed dry processes.

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Section: Newer Processesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Consumption During Nanoparticle Production: How Economic is Dry Synthesis?

et al. 2006

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“…), resulting in a self-sustaining spray flame. An elegant way for manufacture of mixed metal precursors was performed by the implementation of the stoichiometric preset of the desired metals into an organic complex [90]. This concept was successfully applied in production of mullite nanoparticles [91] from alkoxide complexes.…”

Section: Precursor Liquid Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flame Synthesis of Nanoparticles

Kammler

Mädler

Pratsinis³

2001

Chem. Eng. Technol.

394

208

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An overview of recent advances in the synthesis of nanoparticles by flame aerosol processes is given. In flame processes with gaseous precursors emphasis is placed on reactant mixing and composition, additives, and external electric fields for control of product characteristics. Thermophoretic sampling can monitor the formation and growth of nanoparticles, while the corresponding temperature history can be obtained by non-intrusive Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Furthermore, synthesis of composite nanoparticles for various applications is addressed such as in reinforcement or catalysis as well as for scale-up from 1 to 700 g/h of silica-carbon nanostructured particles. In flame processes with liquid precursors using the so-called flame spray pyrolysis (FSP), emphasis is placed on reactant and fuel composition. The FSP processes are quite attractive as they can employ a wide array of precursors, so a broad spectrum of new nanosized powders can be synthesized. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) in combination with gas-phase particle formation models offer unique possibilities for improvement and possible new designs for flame reactors.

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“…[1][2][3] Processes for preparation of BaAl 2 O 4 have been reported by many workers. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] A majority of the processes include ceramic syntheses involving high-temperature calcination of either a mixture of Al(OH) 3 and BaCO 3 2-7 or the mixture of aluminum and barium oxides. 8 BaAl 2 O 4 is also obtained as an intermediate product during the synthesis of barium hexaaluminate (BaO⅐6Al 2 O 3 ) 9 -12 and by a combustion synthesis using barium and aluminum salts with urea.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Products Obtained during Formation of Barium Monoaluminate through Hydrothermal Precipitation–Calcination Route

Mishra¹,

Anand²,

Panda³

et al. 2002

Journal of the American Ceramic Society

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Nanosized (10 -30 nm particle size) hexagonal barium monoaluminate, having a high surface area of ϳ30 m 2 /g, was synthesized by calcination of hydrothermally prepared precursors. The precursors were obtained by hydrolytic precipitation, using a mixed solution of barium and aluminum nitrates in the presence of aqueous urea at 180°C. Based on the results of XRD, FTIR, SEM/EDS, TEM, and TG-DTA studies, the most probable sequence of reactions leading to the formation of barium monoaluminate was (i) conversion of aqueous barium and aluminum nitrates in the presence of urea by hydrothermal precipitation to crystalline orthorhombic barium carbonate and boehmite, (ii) formation of an interim form consisting of amorphous fibrillar aluminum oxide(s) interlaced with crystalline barium carbonate in the calcination temperature range of ϳ500°-800°C, (iii) initiation of formation of barium monoaluminate at 1000°C, and (iv) formation of a near monophase nanosized barium monoaluminate at 1200°C.

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Synthesis and characterization of precursors for group II metal aluminates

Cited by 28 publications

References 22 publications

Energy Consumption During Nanoparticle Production: How Economic is Dry Synthesis?

Energy Consumption During Nanoparticle Production: How Economic is Dry Synthesis?

Flame Synthesis of Nanoparticles

Characterization of Products Obtained during Formation of Barium Monoaluminate through Hydrothermal Precipitation–Calcination Route

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