New thermoplastic polyureas labeled PUn (n = 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, or 10), based on 3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) with flexible aliphatic spacers, were synthesized and characterized for the first time. EDOT was chosen as a replacement for the aromatic phenyl group in conventional thermoplastics based on urea linkages to improve solubility without compromising the thermal properties. As synthesized, all the samples exhibited a semicrystalline nature. The glass‐transition and melting temperatures showed a strong dependence on the spacer length. A comparison of the thermal properties of these polyureas with the corresponding phenyl analogues indicated that EDOT was a viable heteroatomic analogue of the phenyl group to be inserted into the main‐chain polyureas without hampering their thermal stability. The polyureas with spacer lengths greater than hexamethylene formed transparent gels in N‐methylpyrrolidone, 1,1,2,2‐tetrachloroethane, and dimethyl sulfoxide. The molecular packing of the polyureas was assigned with wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction studies. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 43: 5823–5830, 2005