Synthesis and characterization of styrene‐based microbeads possessing amine functionality

Cousin, Patrice; Smith, P.

doi:10.1002/app.1994.070541106

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…One is to obtain particles by copolymerization of methacrylates supplying hydroxyl and carboxyl groups, which are chemically modified to have amino groups on the surface [36,37]. Other possibilities are the postpolymerization in copolymers of styrene and chloromethyl styrene [38], the modification of carbonyl surface groups [39], or the nitration of polystyrene and reduction to amino groups [40]. All of these methods have the disadvantage of the lack of stability of the colloidal system due to the changes in the medium conditions in the different reactions carried out to obtain the amino functionality.…”

Section: Amino Latexesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functionalized Polymer Colloids: Synthesis and Colloidal Stability

Forcada¹,

Hidalgo‐Álvarez

2005

COC

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Functionalized polymer colloids were synthesized by emulsion polymerization having specific ionic groups on surface. In this review, a comprehensive study on the synthesis of functionalized polymer colloids is carried out. Monodisperse polymer colloids with acetal, aldehyde, chloromethyl, and amino functionalities were synthesized by a multi-step emulsion polymerization process. In the first step, the seeds were synthesized by batch emulsion polymerization of styrene; and in the following steps, onto the previously formed polystyrene latex particles, the functional monomers were co-and/or ter-polymerized. Some of the synthesized latexes were chosen as the polymeric support to carry out the covalent coupling with a protein and to test the utility of the latex-protein complexes formed in immunoassays. In addition, the colloidal stability of polymer colloids is theoretically and experimentally analyzed. This study shows that classical DLVO (Derjaguin, Landau, Verwey, Overbeek) theory can explain the stability of weakly charged polymer colloids. This is not sufficient in the case of highly charged polymer colloids using hydrophilic monomers. In such a system, the steric repulsion is not negligible and an electrosteric repulsion mechanism must be considered. Our interest has centered on studying this effect from a quantitative point of view. Although the method used contains five variables, it is possible to considerably reduce this number if some of them are calculated by alternative methods (ψd, δ) or taken from literature (A, χ).

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Section: Amino Latexesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functionalized Polymer Colloids: Synthesis and Colloidal Stability

Forcada¹,

Hidalgo‐Álvarez

2005

COC

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“…One is to obtain particles by copolymerization of methacrylates supplying hydroxyl and carboxyl groups, which are chemically modified to have amino groups on the surface 1, 2. Other possibilities are the postpolymerization in copolymers of styrene and chloromethyl styrene,3 the modification of carbonyl surface groups,4 or the nitration of polystyrene and reduction to amino groups 5. All of these methods have the disadvantage of the lack of stability of the colloidal system due to the changes in the medium conditions in the different reactions carried out to obtain the amino functionality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of latex particles with surface amino groups

Miraballes

Forcada

2000

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

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Monodisperse latex particles with surface amino groups were prepared by a two‐step emulsion polymerization. In the first step, the seeds were synthesized by batch emulsion polymerization of styrene; and in the second step, two different amino‐functionalized monomers [aminoethylmethacrylate hydrochloride (AEMH) and vinylbenzylamine hydrochloride (VBAH)], two different initiator systems (K2S2O8 and K2S2O8/Na2S2O5) and mixtures of emulsifiers sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) and Tween 21 were used to synthesize the final latexes. To characterize the final latexes, conversions were obtained gravimetrically and particle size distributions and average particle diameters were determined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS). The amount of amino groups was determined by the SPDP (N‐succinimidyl 3‐(2‐pyridyldithio)propionate) method. The influence of the different conditions used to synthesize the latexes on the colloidal stability of the particles was evaluated by measuring the diameters of the final latexes dispersed in solutions at different pHs and ionic strengths. The most stable latexes were obtained using the smallest seed, VBAH monomer, and the K2S2O8/Na2S2O5 initiator system. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 38: 4230–4237, 2000

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“…They can be used for various purposes like post-polymerization reactions [5], crosslinking of particles [6], reaction with binder system [4], or dynamic vulcanization [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer Architectures Based on Oxazoline Monomers

Jerca

Nicolescu

Albu

et al. 2008

Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals

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Nonaqueous dispersion copolymerization of 2-isopropenyl 2-oxazoline (IPRO) with methyl methacrylate (MMA) and chloromethylstyrene (CMS) was studied. The resulting copolymers were analyzed with FT-IR and FT-NMR techniques. The morphologies and average diameter were investigated for the characterization of the resulting particles.When the comonomer was MMA the particle size was dependent upon the molar ratio MMA=IPRO in copolymer.MMA content in the resulting copolymers is influenced by the type of stabilizing agent. Narrow size distribution was obtain for copolymer rich in IPRO.When CMS was the commoner, polymerization occurred via two mechanisms: radicalic and cationic with preference for the last one.

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Synthesis and characterization of styrene‐based microbeads possessing amine functionality

Cited by 13 publications

References 18 publications

Functionalized Polymer Colloids: Synthesis and Colloidal Stability

Functionalized Polymer Colloids: Synthesis and Colloidal Stability

Synthesis of latex particles with surface amino groups

Polymer Architectures Based on Oxazoline Monomers

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