Synthesis and Characterization of TiO₂ Thin Film Based on Iron Sand of Lampung Province - Indonesia

Abstract

This study aims to make a thin layer of TiO2 based on ilmenite stored in iron sand of Lampung Province, Indonesia. The TiO2 powder, which was used to make the thin layer, was obtained from the extraction of iron sand using the leaching method with a purity of 60,7%. The preparation of TiO2 thin layers was carried out by the Chemical Bath Deposition (CBD) method with immersion time variations of 2, 3, 4, and 5 hours for samples A, B, C, and D respectively. Afterward, the samples were calcined at 500°C for 4 hours. The characterizations involved X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), and four-point probe to measure the resistivity of the film. The XRD results in samples A (immersion time 2 hours) and D (immersion time 5 hours) show that the amorphous phase still dominates even though the diffraction peaks indicate that the presence of crystals has started to grow at several angles of scattering. The identification results of the phase presence show that the thin layer of TiO2 at sample D is the brookite phase. The results of characterization using SEM show that the surface of the TiO2 thin layer forms a porous structure. The average thickness of the thin film at sample B based on SEM analysis is 1.9 μm. The electrical resistivity increased with an increasing immersion time.